Microsoft Corporation is a prominent global technology firm that invents, markets, and provides ongoing assistance for a diverse range of software, digital services, computing devices, and comprehensive solutions. Its operations are organized into three primary divisions: Productivity and Business Processes, Intelligent Cloud, and More Personal Computing. The Productivity and Business Processes segment delivers crucial tools for both enterprises and individual users. This includes the extensive Office suite (comprising Exchange, SharePoint, Microsoft Teams, Office 365 Security and Compliance, Microsoft Viva, and Skype for Business), along with popular consumer offerings like Skype, Outlook.com, OneDrive, and LinkedIn. It also features Dynamics 365, a suite of integrated cloud and on-premises business applications tailored for organizations. The Intelligent Cloud division focuses on sophisticated infrastructure and platform services. Here, Microsoft licenses key products such as SQL Server, Windows Servers, Visual Studio, System Center, and associated Client Access Licenses. It also includes GitHub, a leading platform for developer collaboration and code hosting; Nuance, offering advanced AI solutions for healthcare and businesses; and Azure, its expansive cloud computing platform. This segment further encompasses enterprise support, Microsoft consulting services, and Nuance professional services, assisting clients with the development, deployment, and management of Microsoft's server and desktop technologies, alongside offering product training and certification. Finally, the More Personal Computing segment covers a broad spectrum of consumer and commercial computing experiences. It generates revenue through Windows operating system licensing, including agreements with original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), non-volume licensing, and various Windows Commercial offerings (such as volume licensing and cloud services), as well as patent licensing and Windows Internet of Things (IoT). This division also supplies its own hardware, including Surface devices, PC accessories, and gaming/entertainment consoles. Its Gaming portfolio features Xbox hardware, content, and subscription services, in addition to video games and royalties from third-party titles. Furthermore, it manages search services like Bing and Microsoft's advertising platforms. Microsoft distributes its extensive product line via numerous channels, including original equipment manufacturers, wholesale distributors, and various resellers, complementing direct sales through digital marketplaces, its own online storefronts, and physical retail outlets. The company, established in 1975, maintains its headquarters in Redmond, Washington.
Price Overview
Price History (1 Year)
Revenue & Net Income Trend
| Period | Revenue | Net Income | Net Margin | YoY/QoQ |
|---|
Key Metrics
EPS (Diluted): 13.70
Total Equity: $343.48B
Shares: 7,465,000,000
Total Debt: $43.15B
Cash: $30.24B
EBITDA: $160.17B
Total Debt: $43.15B
Cash: $30.24B
Revenue: $281.72B
Revenue: $281.72B
Revenue: $281.72B
Total Equity: $343.48B
Tax Rate: 17.6%
Equity: $343.48B
Total Debt: $43.15B
Cash: $30.24B
Current Liabilities: $141.22B
Long-Term Debt: $40.15B
Total Debt: $43.15B
Total Equity: $343.48B
Shares: 7,465,000,000
Shares: 7,465,000,000
CapEx: -$64.55B
Shares: 7,465,000,000
Stock Price: $379.40
Net Income: $101.83B
Industry Benchmarks
Advanced Analysis Forensic deep-dive · three lenses
Revenue scaled from 168.1B in 2021 to 281.7B in 2025 (roughly 14% CAGR), with operating margin expanding from 41.6% to 45.6% and net income rising from 61.3B to 101.8B. That is rare operating leverage at this scale - a 67% revenue increase delivered a 66% net income increase while margins still climbed, indicating genuine pricing power and a moaty franchise (Azure, Office, Windows). Gross margin held steady around 68-70% even through heavy AI/cloud capex.
Verify before trusting this (4)
- Capex trajectory and depreciation cycle for AI/Azure data centers - whether returns on invested capital are sustained as capex scales
- Azure revenue growth and segment margin disclosure in the 10-K to confirm cloud unit economics
- Customer concentration and any AI partner (OpenAI) commitment terms that could create off-balance-sheet obligations
- Long-term lease and purchase obligations tied to GPU/chip supply commitments
At $379 and a $2.82T cap, MSFT trades around 33-35x forward earnings and roughly 12x sales on ~$280B revenue. That is a premium to its own 10-year average and embeds continued mid-teens EPS growth plus a successful Azure/Copilot AI monetization cycle. The e2e synthesis flagging 'High Conviction Required' is the tell - no method is screaming bargain, and any DCF that does is leaning on heroic terminal assumptions about AI take-rates that are not yet in the numbers (FCF actually flattened in 2025 as capex ramped). Deserved value for a Fortress-grade compounder with expanding margins, net cash, and shrinking share count is genuinely high - I would anchor fair value in the $340-$390 band depending on how much AI capex pays off. That puts today's price squarely inside the fair zone, maybe a hair rich. The bull case is already the consensus narrative; the bear case (capex drag, Copilot adoption slower than priced, OpenAI dependency) is a real source of multiple compression risk. No margin of safety here - you are paying full freight for quality the market has correctly identified.
Verify before trusting this (5)
- Azure AI revenue contribution disclosed separately in next 10-Q/transcript
- Copilot seat count and attach rate guidance
- Capex trajectory for FY26 and implied FCF margin recovery
- Operating margin trend in Productivity and Intelligent Cloud segments
- Any change in OpenAI commercial arrangement
The tape is neutral-to-mildly-constructive (VIX 16.8, S&P just 1.4% off highs) and MSFT's 1.1 beta means macro pressure lands only lightly. Higher 10y yields at 4.46% are a generic drag on long-duration tech multiples, but Microsoft's fortress cash flow profile makes it the defensive default within mega-cap tech, not the casualty. The live narrative - AI infrastructure layer, OpenAI partnership, Copilot embedding, Azure dominance - is durable and 'moderate intensity', meaning the stock is not stretched on euphoria but is firmly on the right side of the dominant market story.
Verify before trusting this (5)
- June 30 Microsoft event - any negative surprise on Xbox restructuring or guidance
- Azure growth print and Copilot attach/monetization data at next earnings
- Sell-side target revisions - watch for the first cuts as a sentiment crack
- 10y yield trajectory above 4.5% which would pressure mega-cap multiples
- Any OpenAI partnership friction or competitive AI model news that dents the moat story
Deep Analysis
Pre-flight intelligence scans the company first, then routes to the right analytical methods.
Income Statement (Annual)
Last updated: Jun 22, 2026 3:04am (16d ago)| Metric | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | $168.1B | $198.3B | $211.9B | $245.1B | $281.7B |
| Cost of Revenue | $52.2B | $62.7B | $65.9B | $74.1B | $87.8B |
| Gross Profit | $115.9B | $135.6B | $146.1B | $171.0B | $193.9B |
| Operating Expenses | $45.9B | $52.2B | $57.5B | $61.6B | $65.4B |
| Operating Income | $69.9B | $83.4B | $88.5B | $109.4B | $128.5B |
| Net Income | $61.3B | $72.7B | $72.4B | $88.1B | $101.8B |
| EBITDA | $85.1B | $100.2B | $105.1B | $133.0B | $160.2B |
| EPS | $8.12 | $9.70 | $9.72 | $11.86 | $13.70 |
| EPS (Diluted) | — | — | — | — | — |
Balance Sheet (Annual)
Last updated: Jun 22, 2026 3:00am (16d ago)| Metric | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cash & Equivalents | $14.2B | $13.9B | $34.7B | $18.3B | $30.2B |
| Total Current Assets | $184.4B | $169.7B | $184.3B | $159.7B | $191.1B |
| Total Assets | $333.8B | $364.8B | $412.0B | $512.2B | $619.0B |
| Current Liabilities | $88.7B | $95.1B | $104.1B | $125.3B | $141.2B |
| Long-Term Debt | $50.1B | $47.0B | $42.0B | $42.7B | $40.2B |
| Total Liabilities | $191.8B | $198.3B | $205.8B | $243.7B | $275.5B |
| Total Equity | $142.0B | $166.5B | $206.2B | $268.5B | $343.5B |
| Retained Earnings | $57.1B | $84.3B | $118.8B | $173.1B | $237.7B |
Cash Flow (Annual)
Last updated: Jun 22, 2026 3:02am (16d ago)| Metric | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operating Cash Flow | $76.7B | $89.0B | $87.6B | $118.5B | $136.2B |
| Capital Expenditure | -$20.6B | -$23.9B | -$28.1B | -$44.5B | -$64.6B |
| Free Cash Flow | $56.1B | $65.1B | $59.5B | $74.1B | $71.6B |
| Acquisitions (net) | -$8.9B | -$22.0B | -$1.7B | -$69.1B | -$6.0B |
| Debt Repayment | — | — | — | — | — |
| Dividends Paid | — | — | — | — | — |
| Stock Buybacks | -$27.4B | -$32.7B | -$22.2B | -$17.3B | -$18.4B |
| Net Change in Cash | $648.0M | -$293.0M | $20.8B | -$16.4B | $11.9B |
Analyst Estimates (Annual)
Last updated: Jun 22, 2026 3:00am (16d ago)| Metric | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue |
$384.4B $371.8B – $391.0B
|
$454.6B $454.0B – $455.2B
|
$539.2B $521.7B – $556.0B
|
$651.1B $629.9B – $671.3B
|
| EBITDA |
$201.4B $194.8B – $204.8B
|
$238.1B $237.9B – $238.4B
|
$282.5B $273.3B – $291.3B
|
$341.1B $330.0B – $351.7B
|
| Net Income |
$145.3B $137.4B – $153.1B
|
$169.9B $156.3B – $199.7B
|
$201.6B $193.0B – $209.7B
|
$248.9B $238.4B – $259.0B
|
| EPS | — | — | — | — |
Growth Trends (YoY %)
Last updated: Jun 22, 2026 3:04am (16d ago)| Metric | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue Growth | +18.0% | +6.9% | +15.7% | +14.9% |
| Gross Profit Growth | +17.1% | +7.7% | +17.1% | +13.4% |
| Operating Income Growth | +19.3% | +6.2% | +23.6% | +17.4% |
| Net Income Growth | +18.7% | -0.5% | +21.8% | +15.5% |
| EBITDA Growth | +17.7% | +4.9% | +26.5% | +20.4% |
Dividend History (Last 20)
Last updated: Jun 20, 2026 4:43am (18d ago)| Date | Dividend | Declaration | Record | Payment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-08-20 | $0.91 | 2026-06-10 | 2026-08-20 | 2026-09-10 |
| 2026-05-21 | $0.91 | 2026-03-10 | 2026-05-21 | 2026-06-11 |
| 2026-02-19 | $0.91 | 2025-12-02 | 2026-02-19 | 2026-03-12 |
| 2025-11-20 | $0.91 | 2025-09-15 | 2025-11-20 | 2025-12-11 |
| 2025-08-21 | $0.83 | 2025-06-10 | 2025-08-21 | 2025-09-11 |
| 2025-05-15 | $0.83 | 2025-03-11 | 2025-05-15 | 2025-06-12 |
| 2025-02-20 | $0.83 | 2024-12-03 | 2025-02-20 | 2025-03-13 |
| 2024-11-21 | $0.83 | 2024-09-16 | 2024-11-21 | 2024-12-12 |
| 2024-08-15 | $0.75 | 2024-06-12 | 2024-08-15 | 2024-09-12 |
| 2024-05-15 | $0.75 | 2024-03-12 | 2024-05-16 | 2024-06-13 |
| 2024-02-14 | $0.75 | 2023-11-28 | 2024-02-15 | 2024-03-14 |
| 2023-11-15 | $0.75 | 2023-09-19 | 2023-11-16 | 2023-12-14 |
| 2023-08-16 | $0.68 | 2023-06-13 | 2023-08-17 | 2023-09-14 |
| 2023-05-17 | $0.68 | 2023-03-14 | 2023-05-18 | 2023-06-08 |
| 2023-02-15 | $0.68 | 2022-11-29 | 2023-02-16 | 2023-03-09 |
| 2022-11-16 | $0.68 | 2022-09-20 | 2022-11-17 | 2022-12-08 |
| 2022-08-17 | $0.62 | 2022-06-14 | 2022-08-18 | 2022-09-08 |
| 2022-05-18 | $0.62 | 2022-03-14 | 2022-05-19 | 2022-06-09 |
| 2022-02-16 | $0.62 | 2021-12-07 | 2022-02-17 | 2022-03-10 |
| 2021-11-17 | $0.62 | 2021-09-14 | 2021-11-18 | 2021-12-09 |
Insider Trading (Recent)
Last updated: Jun 22, 2026 3:06am (16d ago)All SEC Form 4 codes
- P Purchase
- Open-market or private purchase of shares.
- S Sale
- Open-market or private sale of shares.
- A Award / grant
- Grant or award of securities (RSUs, options, etc.) under Rule 16b-3.
- D Return to issuer
- Securities disposed back to the company under Rule 16b-3.
- F In-kind (tax)
- Shares withheld or delivered to pay the option-exercise price or tax — not an open-market sale.
- I Discretionary
- Discretionary transaction under an employee plan — Rule 16b-3(f).
- M Option exercise
- Exercise or conversion of a derivative (option/RSU) into shares — exempt.
- C Conversion
- Conversion of a derivative security into the underlying shares.
- E Short expiration
- Expiration of a short derivative position.
- H Long expiration
- Expiration or cancellation of a long derivative position with value received.
- O OTM exercise
- Exercise of an out-of-the-money derivative.
- X ITM exercise
- Exercise of an in-the-money or at-the-money derivative.
- G Gift
- Bona fide gift of securities.
- L Small acquisition
- Small acquisition under Rule 16a-6.
- W Inheritance
- Acquisition or disposition by will or the laws of descent.
- Z Voting trust
- Deposit into or withdrawal from a voting trust.
- J Other
- Other acquisition or disposition (explained in a Form 4 footnote).
- K Equity swap
- Transaction in an equity swap or similar instrument.
- U Tender / buyout
- Disposition via tender of shares in a change-of-control transaction.
Compensation-plan codes (A, D, F, M) are routine and rarely directional. Open-market P (buy) and S (sale) carry the most signal.
| Date | Insider | Type | Shares | Price | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-07-01 | Hogan Kathleen T | 0.00 | $0.00 | $0 | |
| 2026-06-15 | Jolla Alice L. | A-Award | 5,004.00 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-06-15 | Coleman Amy | F-InKind | 35.94 | $390.74 | $14,045 |
| 2026-06-11 | Walmsley Emma N | A-Award | 2.94 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-06-11 | Rainey John D | A-Award | 0.69 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-06-11 | PRITZKER PENNY S | A-Award | 33.31 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-06-11 | Mason Mark | A-Award | 0.54 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-06-11 | PETERSON SANDRA E | A-Award | 61.01 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-06-11 | MacGregor Catherine | A-Award | 5.07 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-06-11 | List Teri | A-Award | 53.67 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-06-11 | Johnston Hugh F | A-Award | 4.98 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-06-11 | Di Sibio Carmine | A-Award | 0.03 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-06-11 | Hoffman Reid | A-Award | 39.45 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-06-10 | Numoto Takeshi | S-Sale | 4,500.00 | $402.84 | $1.8M |
| 2026-06-08 | Numoto Takeshi | S-Sale | 2,500.00 | $412.45 | $1.0M |
| 2026-06-05 | Rainey John D | A-Award | 150.00 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-06-05 | Johnston Hugh F | A-Award | 252.00 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-06-05 | PRITZKER PENNY S | A-Award | 240.00 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-06-05 | SCHARF CHARLES W | A-Award | 149.00 | $0.00 | $0 |
| 2026-06-05 | Mason Mark | A-Award | 231.26 | $0.00 | $0 |
Narrative Economics
market-narrative step).
Delvantic AI Findings
The raw numbers tell a cleaner story than the synthesis allows. Revenue went from $64.7B (Jun-24) to $82.9B (Mar-26) — that's ~28% over seven quarters, with the most recent YoY at $82.89B vs $70.07B = 18.3%, actually *accelerating* from the 14.9% the momentum tile cites. Annual FY25 revenue of $281.7B grew 14.9% over FY24's $245.1B, and operating income grew 17.5% ($109.4B → $128.5B), so operating leverage is real and intact. The Dec-25 quarter's 47.3% net margin is an obvious outlier (likely a tax/investment gain — OpenAI mark-up is the prudent guess); strip it and underlying net margin sits at 35-38%, exactly where it's been. Free cash flow of $71.6B against $64.5B capex is the genuinely uncomfortable number: capex is now ~90% of FCF, and FCF CAGR of 9.7% lags earnings CAGR of 18.6% precisely because of the AI infrastructure build. That gap is the entire bear case in one ratio.
On valuation: 22.5x TTM P/E and 14.1x EV/EBITDA for a business compounding earnings ~18% with 33% ROE and 21% ROIC is not expensive on quality-adjusted terms — it's roughly market multiple for materially-better-than-market economics. EV/revenue at 13.4x is the number that should give pause, but it's defensible against ~46% operating margins. The synthesis claim of "43.5% implied FCF growth" embedded in the price strikes me as overstated unless you assume capex stays at $64B+ indefinitely without revenue payoff — which is the entire question, not an assumption. If Azure/AI capex normalizes back toward 50-55% of OCF by FY28 (still elevated vs. the 35% pre-AI baseline), FCF could compound 20%+ for several years on top of revenue growth, and the reverse-DCF burden collapses.
Where I push back on the prior models: the synthesis verdict of "High Conviction Required" and Market Forces' "high-quality hold rather than aggressive buy" are reasonable but they're treating $379 as if it's still near the $555 peak. It isn't — this is a 32% drawdown into a name whose fundamentals have *accelerated* through the drawdown (Mar-26 revenue is 18% above Jun-25). That's a meaningful disconnect the models underweight. The contrarian argument, fairly stated: (1) capex-to-FCF ratio is structurally higher and may not revert if AI infra is a permanent cost of doing business — in which case steady-state FCF is closer to $90-100B than the $140B bulls extrapolate; (2) Azure growth is decelerating off larger base and Copilot ARR remains opaque — Microsoft conspicuously avoids disclosing it cleanly; (3) the OpenAI relationship is a liability as much as an asset (governance risk, capital calls, IP entanglement); (4) regulatory overhang on Activision and bundling practices is real. None of these break the thesis but they justify the multiple compression that's already happened.
Data gaps worth flagging: total debt and equity are missing from the balance sheet tile, which makes the ROE/ROIC TTM figures hard to triangulate independently — I'm trusting FMP's 33%/21% without verification. The Dec-25 margin spike needs explanation before being annualized. The insider activity is uninformative (small awards, no named insiders, no open-market buys of size) — "Net Insider Buying" overstates what's there. Quarterly data labeled 2026 dates is also weird given Microsoft's June fiscal year; assume these are calendar quarters mapped to FY26/27. Net of all this: I think the synthesis is directionally right on quality but too cautious on price. At $379, you're paying 22.5x earnings growing high-teens with the best cash franchise in software and the most credible enterprise AI distribution. Fair value on 24-25x FY27 EPS (call it ~$16-17) lands $400-425; with capex normalization optionality, $450+. The downside case (Azure decel to 15%, capex stays at $70B, multiple to 19x) is roughly $310-330. Risk-reward is favorably skewed for the first time in 18 months. I dissent mildly from "high conviction required" — this is closer to "accumulate on weakness" than "wait for catalyst."
VERDICT
GPT Critique
In my independent review of Microsoft's financials, several aspects stand out. The company's revenue has shown a robust growth trajectory, rising from $64.73 billion in June 2024 to $82.89 billion by March 2026, marking a notable 28% increase over seven quarters. This acceleration is also visible in the most recent year-over-year comparison, with an 18.3% revenue growth against the previous year's figures, surpassing the momentum tile's reported 14.9%. Microsoft's operating income also demonstrates strong growth, increasing by 17.5% from FY24 to FY25, highlighting efficient operational leverage. However, the significant capital expenditure of $64.55 billion, which consumes approximately 90% of the free cash flow, presents a concern. This high capex-to-FCF ratio, driven by AI infrastructure investments, suggests a potential risk if these investments fail to yield proportional revenue growth.
Opus contends that the valuation metrics, such as a 22.5x TTM P/E and a 14.1x EV/EBITDA, are reasonable given Microsoft's superior economics, characterized by a 33% ROE and a 21% ROIC. I concur with this assessment as these metrics align with Microsoft's high-quality business profile. However, I diverge on the view regarding the "43.5% implied FCF growth" mentioned in the synthesis. Opus argues that this assumption is overstated unless capex remains elevated without resulting revenue growth. I find this criticism valid, as the capex normalization is a critical factor for future FCF compounding, and my analysis suggests that the synthesis's assumption lacks a nuanced appreciation of potential shifts in capex dynamics.
Moreover, I agree with Opus's skepticism about the synthesis verdict of "High Conviction Required" and the Market Forces' label of "high-quality hold rather than aggressive buy." Given the 32% drawdown from the peak, the current price of $379 does not reflect the fundamental acceleration seen in recent quarters. Opus rightly points out that the models underweight the disconnection between Microsoft's strong fundamentals and its current market valuation. I also share the concern about the opaque nature of Microsoft's Copilot ARR and the potential risks associated with the OpenAI partnership, which could impact investor confidence and valuation.
A careful skeptic might argue that the elevated capex, if a permanent feature of Microsoft's financial landscape due to ongoing AI infrastructure demands, could suppress FCF growth and justify the recent multiple compression. Additionally, regulatory pressures and competitive dynamics in the AI space could pose risks to Microsoft's growth trajectory. These factors might warrant caution, suggesting that while Microsoft remains a robust entity, the market's current valuation might already account for its most optimistic growth scenarios.