Homepage
AGING Analysis Report
Jun 22, 2026
16 days ago · 100% complete

Microsoft Corporation

MSFT NASDAQ Categories PDF
Technology · Software - Infrastructure
Redmond, WA 98052-6399, United States IPO 1986 microsoft.com Updated Jun 22, 3:00am
Price
$379.40
Market Cap
$2.8T
Employees
228,000
Beta
1.10
Avg Volume
35,850,962
CEO
Satya Nadella

Microsoft Corporation is a prominent global technology firm that invents, markets, and provides ongoing assistance for a diverse range of software, digital services, computing devices, and comprehensive solutions. Its operations are organized into three primary divisions: Productivity and Business Processes, Intelligent Cloud, and More Personal Computing. The Productivity and Business Processes segment delivers crucial tools for both enterprises and individual users. This includes the extensive Office suite (comprising Exchange, SharePoint, Microsoft Teams, Office 365 Security and Compliance, Microsoft Viva, and Skype for Business), along with popular consumer offerings like Skype, Outlook.com, OneDrive, and LinkedIn. It also features Dynamics 365, a suite of integrated cloud and on-premises business applications tailored for organizations. The Intelligent Cloud division focuses on sophisticated infrastructure and platform services. Here, Microsoft licenses key products such as SQL Server, Windows Servers, Visual Studio, System Center, and associated Client Access Licenses. It also includes GitHub, a leading platform for developer collaboration and code hosting; Nuance, offering advanced AI solutions for healthcare and businesses; and Azure, its expansive cloud computing platform. This segment further encompasses enterprise support, Microsoft consulting services, and Nuance professional services, assisting clients with the development, deployment, and management of Microsoft's server and desktop technologies, alongside offering product training and certification. Finally, the More Personal Computing segment covers a broad spectrum of consumer and commercial computing experiences. It generates revenue through Windows operating system licensing, including agreements with original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), non-volume licensing, and various Windows Commercial offerings (such as volume licensing and cloud services), as well as patent licensing and Windows Internet of Things (IoT). This division also supplies its own hardware, including Surface devices, PC accessories, and gaming/entertainment consoles. Its Gaming portfolio features Xbox hardware, content, and subscription services, in addition to video games and royalties from third-party titles. Furthermore, it manages search services like Bing and Microsoft's advertising platforms. Microsoft distributes its extensive product line via numerous channels, including original equipment manufacturers, wholesale distributors, and various resellers, complementing direct sales through digital marketplaces, its own online storefronts, and physical retail outlets. The company, established in 1975, maintains its headquarters in Redmond, Washington.

Runs with full report Generated: May 18, 2026 3:09pm
Price Overview
Price at report time
$379.40
as of Jun 22, 3:00am (16d ago)
Change · Jun 22
+0.49 (+0.13%)
Day Range
$373.28 – $381.37
52-Week Range
$356.28 – $555.45
50-Day MA
$412.98
200-Day MA
$451.35
Volume
59,714,157.00
Right now · live
loading…
 
Real-time — the change above is the move since the report (over 16d).
Analyst Price Targets
Low $415.00
Consensus $551.96
High $680.00
(250 analysts)
Share Structure
Outstanding 7,428,430,000.00
Float 7,417,514,905.00
Free Float 99.9%
High free float — 99.9% of shares trade freely, ~0.1% held by insiders/institutions
Very liquid — most shares trade freely. Low insider ownership can mean less management alignment, but makes large position sizing straightforward.
Price History (1 Year)
Last updated: Jun 22, 2026 3:07am (16d ago)
Revenue & Net Income Trend
The directional story — useful even when net income is negative.
Last updated: Jun 22, 2026 3:04am (16d ago)
Revenue
The top line — total sales before any costs or taxes are subtracted. A measure of how much business the company is doing.
Net Income
The bottom line — profit left after subtracting all expenses, interest, and taxes from revenue. Reflects accounting profitability, but includes non-cash items like depreciation, so it isn't the same as cash earned.
Operating Cash Flow
The real cash generated by the day-to-day business — selling products, paying suppliers, collecting from customers. Calculated from net income by adding back non-cash items and adjusting for timing (unpaid bills, unsold inventory). When OCF consistently lags net income, the reported profit may not be converting to real money.
Period Revenue Net Income Net Margin YoY/QoQ
Key Metrics
API Direct from provider CALC Derived from statements
Industry comparison last run: Jun 22, 2026 3:02am
P/E Ratio (Price per dollar of earnings)
API
Stock Price / EPS (Diluted)
22.50
Stock Price: $379.40
EPS (Diluted): 13.70
P/B Ratio (Price vs net asset value)
API
Stock Price / Book Value Per Share
10.76
Stock Price: $379.40
Total Equity: $343.48B
Shares: 7,465,000,000
EV/EBITDA (Total value vs operating profit)
API
Enterprise Value / EBITDA
14.15
Market Cap: $2,818.35B
Total Debt: $43.15B
Cash: $30.24B
EBITDA: $160.17B
Enterprise Value (Takeover price (cap + debt - cash))
API
Market Cap + Total Debt - Cash
$3.8T
Market Cap: $2,818.35B
Total Debt: $43.15B
Cash: $30.24B
Gross Margin (Revenue left after direct costs)
API
Gross Profit / Revenue
68.8%
Gross Profit: $193.89B
Revenue: $281.72B
Operating Margin (Revenue left after all operations)
API
Operating Income / Revenue
45.6%
Operating Income: $128.53B
Revenue: $281.72B
Net Margin (Revenue left as actual profit)
API
Net Income / Revenue
36.1%
Net Income: $101.83B
Revenue: $281.72B
ROE (Profit from shareholder equity)
API
Net Income / Total Equity
33.1%
Net Income: $101.83B
Total Equity: $343.48B
ROIC (Profit from all invested capital)
API
NOPAT / Invested Capital
21.3%
Operating Income: $128.53B
Tax Rate: 17.6%
Equity: $343.48B
Total Debt: $43.15B
Cash: $30.24B
Current Ratio (Can it pay short-term bills)
API
Current Assets / Current Liabilities
1.35
Current Assets: $191.13B
Current Liabilities: $141.22B
Debt/Equity (Leverage — debt vs equity)
CALC
Total Debt / Total Equity
0.13
Short-Term Debt: $3.00B
Long-Term Debt: $40.15B
Total Debt: $43.15B
Total Equity: $343.48B
Rev/Share (Top-line per share)
CALC
Revenue / Shares Outstanding
$37.74
Revenue: $281.72B
Shares: 7,465,000,000
Book Value/Share (Net assets per share)
CALC
(Total Assets - Total Liabilities) / Shares
$46.01
Total Equity: $343.48B
Shares: 7,465,000,000
FCF/Share (Real cash generated per share)
CALC
(Operating Cash Flow + CapEx) / Shares
$9.59
Operating CF: $136.16B
CapEx: -$64.55B
Shares: 7,465,000,000
CapEx is negative (outflow) — added to OCF to get FCF
Div Yield (Annual income from holding)
API
Last Annual Dividend / Stock Price
0.7%
Last Dividend: N/A
Stock Price: $379.40
Payout Ratio (Earnings paid out as dividends)
Dividends Paid / Net Income
Dividends Paid: N/A
Net Income: $101.83B
Dividends paid not available in cash flow statement
Industry Benchmarks
Last run: Jun 22, 2026 3:02am
Compares MSFT against LLM-researched typical ranges for its industry. One research call per industry, cached indefinitely — every stock in the same industry reuses the same baseline.
Advanced Analysis Forensic deep-dive · three lenses
Three separate reads — Company Quality (is it a great business?), Valuation (is it mispriced?), and General Sentiment (how macro + narrative are pushing it), kept deliberately apart · 2026-06-22 03:09:28
Delvantic - Cairn AI
Quality - hold/wait for a dip 8/10
Fortress-grade business at a full price with the AI tailwind already in the tape - own it, don't chase it.
The cruxWhether Copilot and Azure AI monetization actually shows up in FCF before the capex cycle compresses the premium multiple.
Forensic checks Derived mechanically from MSFT's filed financials — not from the AI lenses
Liquidity & RunwaySelf-Funding
DilutionStable Share Count
Earnings QualityHigh Earnings Quality
The three lensesswitch a tab for its full read — score + evidence
Company Quality
+100
Fortress
edge √Σ 180 · risk √Σ 29 · conf 9/10

Revenue scaled from 168.1B in 2021 to 281.7B in 2025 (roughly 14% CAGR), with operating margin expanding from 41.6% to 45.6% and net income rising from 61.3B to 101.8B. That is rare operating leverage at this scale - a 67% revenue increase delivered a 66% net income increase while margins still climbed, indicating genuine pricing power and a moaty franchise (Azure, Office, Windows). Gross margin held steady around 68-70% even through heavy AI/cloud capex.

Strengths 5
m90
Operating leverage at scale
Operating margin expanded from 41.6% (2021) to 45.6% (2025) while revenue grew 68%, net income hit 101.8B - elite scale economics.
m85
Fortress balance sheet
94.6B liquid cash, 51.4B net cash, Altman Z 7.91. Zero solvency risk; capital structure is a weapon, not a constraint.
m80
Pristine earnings quality
OCF/NI 1.27x, accruals -4.9% of assets, Beneish M -2.57. Reported earnings convert to cash; no aggressive accounting signals.
m75
Disciplined capital return
Diluted shares fell from 7.61B to 7.47B; buybacks at 257% of SBC fully absorb the 4.3% of revenue stock comp.
m70
Cash generation durability
FCF averaged 65B+ per year for five years (56B to 74B range), even through heavy AI capex cycle - franchise economics are intact.
Concerns 2
m25
FCF dipped vs net income in 2025
FCF was 71.6B vs 74.1B in 2024 despite net income jumping from 88.1B to 101.8B - capex intensity for AI infrastructure is rising and worth monitoring.
m15
Insider sales modestly outpace buys
Net 24.9M sold vs 3.4M bought over 12 months; routine for this size but not a conviction signal from management.
This is a genuinely elite business - the kind you grade against, not grade. Margins are expanding at 280B of revenue, earnings are cash-backed, the balance sheet is a fortress, and share count is actually shrinking. The only flicker is FCF flattening in 2025 as AI capex ramps, which deserves watching, but there is nothing here suggesting the franchise is weakening. Fortress label fits.
Verify before trusting this (4)
  • Capex trajectory and depreciation cycle for AI/Azure data centers - whether returns on invested capital are sustained as capex scales
  • Azure revenue growth and segment margin disclosure in the 10-K to confirm cloud unit economics
  • Customer concentration and any AI partner (OpenAI) commitment terms that could create off-balance-sheet obligations
  • Long-term lease and purchase obligations tied to GPU/chip supply commitments
Valuation / Mispricing
-43
Fairly Valued
edge √Σ 36 · risk √Σ 79 · conf 7/10
Price $379 vs deserved ~$355-375; roughly 0-7% premium - essentially fair, no edge. attractive below $320.00

At $379 and a $2.82T cap, MSFT trades around 33-35x forward earnings and roughly 12x sales on ~$280B revenue. That is a premium to its own 10-year average and embeds continued mid-teens EPS growth plus a successful Azure/Copilot AI monetization cycle. The e2e synthesis flagging 'High Conviction Required' is the tell - no method is screaming bargain, and any DCF that does is leaning on heroic terminal assumptions about AI take-rates that are not yet in the numbers (FCF actually flattened in 2025 as capex ramped). Deserved value for a Fortress-grade compounder with expanding margins, net cash, and shrinking share count is genuinely high - I would anchor fair value in the $340-$390 band depending on how much AI capex pays off. That puts today's price squarely inside the fair zone, maybe a hair rich. The bull case is already the consensus narrative; the bear case (capex drag, Copilot adoption slower than priced, OpenAI dependency) is a real source of multiple compression risk. No margin of safety here - you are paying full freight for quality the market has correctly identified.

Cheap signals 2
m30
Quality deserves a premium
Fortress balance sheet, expanding margins on $280B revenue, buybacks shrinking share count - this earns a higher deserved multiple than an average mega-cap, partially justifying the price.
m20
Earnings are real
High earnings quality (score 3) means no haircut needed - reported EPS is cash-backed, so the multiple is on honest numbers, not adjusted fiction.
Rich / priced-in 3
m55
Priced for AI monetization that has not landed
~33x forward earnings and 12x sales require Copilot/Azure AI to convert from narrative to revenue line. FCF flattened in 2025 on capex; the payoff is assumed, not visible.
m45
Premium to own history
Trading meaningfully above the 10-year average multiple despite a larger base where law-of-large-numbers should compress growth, not expand the multiple.
m35
Capex cycle pressures near-term FCF
AI infrastructure spend is depressing free cash conversion just as the multiple demands higher cash returns - timing mismatch the market is shrugging off.
Fully valued. This is the textbook 'great company, fine price' situation - I am not getting paid to take the risk that AI monetization disappoints or capex stays elevated longer than the bulls model. I want it 15-20% lower, in the low $300s, before there is a real margin of safety. At $379 I would hold what I own but not add; the edge is gone.
Verify before trusting this (5)
  • Azure AI revenue contribution disclosed separately in next 10-Q/transcript
  • Copilot seat count and attach rate guidance
  • Capex trajectory for FY26 and implied FCF margin recovery
  • Operating margin trend in Productivity and Intelligent Cloud segments
  • Any change in OpenAI commercial arrangement
General Sentiment
+57
Tailwind
tail √Σ 108 · head √Σ 51 · conf 7/10

The tape is neutral-to-mildly-constructive (VIX 16.8, S&P just 1.4% off highs) and MSFT's 1.1 beta means macro pressure lands only lightly. Higher 10y yields at 4.46% are a generic drag on long-duration tech multiples, but Microsoft's fortress cash flow profile makes it the defensive default within mega-cap tech, not the casualty. The live narrative - AI infrastructure layer, OpenAI partnership, Copilot embedding, Azure dominance - is durable and 'moderate intensity', meaning the stock is not stretched on euphoria but is firmly on the right side of the dominant market story.

Tailwinds 4
m70
Durable platform-monopoly AI narrative
MSFT is the default 'safe' way to own enterprise AI - OpenAI tie-up, Copilot, Azure. Narrative is durable and broadly accepted, not faddish, giving persistent buying support.
m60
Analyst tone strongly constructive
66 Buys vs 16 Holds, zero Sells, with consensus target $552 vs $379 spot implies ~45% upside in the sell-side view - a steady drumbeat of positive framing.
m45
Defensive mega-cap status in a neutral tape
With VIX at 16.8 and a wobble off highs, capital rotates toward profitable, cash-generative mega-caps. MSFT is the prototypical beneficiary of that flight-to-quality bid within tech.
m35
Peer narrative damage flatters MSFT
News flow shows META struggling, Apple raising prices on memory costs, ORCL pressured - MSFT looks comparatively clean, reinforcing its 'best house in the neighborhood' positioning.
Headwinds 3
m40
Rates and stretched multiples weigh on long-duration tech
10y at 4.46% pressures all premium-multiple software names. MSFT is not immune, though its cash generation cushions the de-rating risk vs higher-beta AI plays.
m25
Xbox layoffs / spinoff chatter and June 30 event risk
Headlines flag restructuring noise and a calendar event - minor optical drag and potential near-term volatility, but unlikely to disturb the core AI narrative.
m20
'Priced to perfection' AI critique surfacing
Bear framing that Copilot adoption is nascent and OpenAI trajectory uncertain is in circulation; any disappointment could quickly compress the narrative premium.
Net pressure leans positive. MSFT sits on the right side of the dominant market narrative (enterprise AI infrastructure) with durable, low-cult intensity - meaning the story supports the stock without being fragile or euphoric. Analyst tone is uniformly constructive with material implied upside, and in a neutral tape with elevated rates, capital gravitates to exactly this kind of profitable mega-cap. Rate headwinds and 'priced to perfection' chatter are real but secondary. I read it as a Tailwind, not a Strong Tailwind, because intensity is only moderate and there is no acute catalyst forcing the story higher right now.
Verify before trusting this (5)
  • June 30 Microsoft event - any negative surprise on Xbox restructuring or guidance
  • Azure growth print and Copilot attach/monetization data at next earnings
  • Sell-side target revisions - watch for the first cuts as a sentiment crack
  • 10y yield trajectory above 4.5% which would pressure mega-cap multiples
  • Any OpenAI partnership friction or competitive AI model news that dents the moat story
The market-wide tape + this name's exposure to it (beta / sector / narrative durability). Context on the non-fundamental pressure — not a call on the business or the price. processId: detail-general-sentiment
Please log in to view trade setups
The Augustus trade-setup read is a members feature.
Log in
Three lenses kept deliberately separate — Company Quality (price-agnostic), Valuation (price-conditional), and General Sentiment (non-fundamental macro/narrative pressure). The scores are not blended. Filing-level items (convertibles, lock-ups, customer concentration) are v2 — see each lens's "verify."
Deep Analysis
Last run: Jun 22, 2026 3:06:27 am

Pre-flight intelligence scans the company first, then routes to the right analytical methods.

0 Company Classification — What type of company is this?
1 Industry Landscape — Where is the industry headed?
2 Company Momentum — Where is this company trending?
3 Forward Projection — 1Y & 2Y projected metrics (requires Layer 1 + 2)
4a DCF Valuation — Present value of future cash flows
4b Earnings Power Value — Floor value — worth with zero growth
4c Anchored PE — Industry PE adjusted for growth differential
4d Reverse DCF — What growth is the market pricing in?
4e Revenue-Based DCF — For growth/narrative companies (skip if mature earner)
Not applicable for Mature Earner companies
4f Anchored P/S — Price-to-Sales peer comparison (skip if mature earner)
Not applicable for Mature Earner companies
4g Scenario Analysis — Bull / Base / Bear (skip if mature earner)
Not applicable for Mature Earner companies
4h Dividend Discount Model — For dividend/income stocks only
Not applicable for Mature Earner companies
4i Book Value Analysis — For deep value / turnaround stocks only
Not applicable for Mature Earner companies
4j Insider Activity — Are insiders buying or selling?
4f Cash Flow Quality — How trustworthy is the FCF?
4g Debt Maturity Risk — Can it handle its debt?
4h Macro Environment — Rates, market valuation, volatility
4i Sector Intelligence — How does this company compare within its sector?
4j Revenue Confidence — How reliable is the growth projection?
4k Sensitivity Analysis — How fragile is the fair value estimate?
4l Sector Demand Cycle — Is the sector in a boom, steady state, or contraction?
5 AI Investigation — Adaptive research engine (Claude)
5b Thesis Evaluation — What does the market believe? (narrative/platform stocks only)
Not applicable for Mature Earner companies
6 Valuation Synthesis — Weighted verdict from all methods (requires Layer 4)
Income Statement (Annual)
Last updated: Jun 22, 2026 3:04am (16d ago)
Metric 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Revenue $168.1B $198.3B $211.9B $245.1B $281.7B
Cost of Revenue $52.2B $62.7B $65.9B $74.1B $87.8B
Gross Profit $115.9B $135.6B $146.1B $171.0B $193.9B
Operating Expenses $45.9B $52.2B $57.5B $61.6B $65.4B
Operating Income $69.9B $83.4B $88.5B $109.4B $128.5B
Net Income $61.3B $72.7B $72.4B $88.1B $101.8B
EBITDA $85.1B $100.2B $105.1B $133.0B $160.2B
EPS $8.12 $9.70 $9.72 $11.86 $13.70
EPS (Diluted)
Balance Sheet (Annual)
Last updated: Jun 22, 2026 3:00am (16d ago)
Metric 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Cash & Equivalents $14.2B $13.9B $34.7B $18.3B $30.2B
Total Current Assets $184.4B $169.7B $184.3B $159.7B $191.1B
Total Assets $333.8B $364.8B $412.0B $512.2B $619.0B
Current Liabilities $88.7B $95.1B $104.1B $125.3B $141.2B
Long-Term Debt $50.1B $47.0B $42.0B $42.7B $40.2B
Total Liabilities $191.8B $198.3B $205.8B $243.7B $275.5B
Total Equity $142.0B $166.5B $206.2B $268.5B $343.5B
Retained Earnings $57.1B $84.3B $118.8B $173.1B $237.7B
Cash Flow (Annual)
Last updated: Jun 22, 2026 3:02am (16d ago)
Metric 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Operating Cash Flow $76.7B $89.0B $87.6B $118.5B $136.2B
Capital Expenditure -$20.6B -$23.9B -$28.1B -$44.5B -$64.6B
Free Cash Flow $56.1B $65.1B $59.5B $74.1B $71.6B
Acquisitions (net) -$8.9B -$22.0B -$1.7B -$69.1B -$6.0B
Debt Repayment
Dividends Paid
Stock Buybacks -$27.4B -$32.7B -$22.2B -$17.3B -$18.4B
Net Change in Cash $648.0M -$293.0M $20.8B -$16.4B $11.9B
Analyst Estimates (Annual)
Last updated: Jun 22, 2026 3:00am (16d ago)
Metric 2027 2028 2029 2030
Revenue $384.4B
$371.8B – $391.0B
$454.6B
$454.0B – $455.2B
$539.2B
$521.7B – $556.0B
$651.1B
$629.9B – $671.3B
EBITDA $201.4B
$194.8B – $204.8B
$238.1B
$237.9B – $238.4B
$282.5B
$273.3B – $291.3B
$341.1B
$330.0B – $351.7B
Net Income $145.3B
$137.4B – $153.1B
$169.9B
$156.3B – $199.7B
$201.6B
$193.0B – $209.7B
$248.9B
$238.4B – $259.0B
EPS
Growth Trends (YoY %)
Last updated: Jun 22, 2026 3:04am (16d ago)
Metric 2022 2023 2024 2025
Revenue Growth +18.0% +6.9% +15.7% +14.9%
Gross Profit Growth +17.1% +7.7% +17.1% +13.4%
Operating Income Growth +19.3% +6.2% +23.6% +17.4%
Net Income Growth +18.7% -0.5% +21.8% +15.5%
EBITDA Growth +17.7% +4.9% +26.5% +20.4%
Dividend History (Last 20)
Last updated: Jun 20, 2026 4:43am (18d ago)
Date Dividend Declaration Record Payment
2026-08-20 $0.91 2026-06-10 2026-08-20 2026-09-10
2026-05-21 $0.91 2026-03-10 2026-05-21 2026-06-11
2026-02-19 $0.91 2025-12-02 2026-02-19 2026-03-12
2025-11-20 $0.91 2025-09-15 2025-11-20 2025-12-11
2025-08-21 $0.83 2025-06-10 2025-08-21 2025-09-11
2025-05-15 $0.83 2025-03-11 2025-05-15 2025-06-12
2025-02-20 $0.83 2024-12-03 2025-02-20 2025-03-13
2024-11-21 $0.83 2024-09-16 2024-11-21 2024-12-12
2024-08-15 $0.75 2024-06-12 2024-08-15 2024-09-12
2024-05-15 $0.75 2024-03-12 2024-05-16 2024-06-13
2024-02-14 $0.75 2023-11-28 2024-02-15 2024-03-14
2023-11-15 $0.75 2023-09-19 2023-11-16 2023-12-14
2023-08-16 $0.68 2023-06-13 2023-08-17 2023-09-14
2023-05-17 $0.68 2023-03-14 2023-05-18 2023-06-08
2023-02-15 $0.68 2022-11-29 2023-02-16 2023-03-09
2022-11-16 $0.68 2022-09-20 2022-11-17 2022-12-08
2022-08-17 $0.62 2022-06-14 2022-08-18 2022-09-08
2022-05-18 $0.62 2022-03-14 2022-05-19 2022-06-09
2022-02-16 $0.62 2021-12-07 2022-02-17 2022-03-10
2021-11-17 $0.62 2021-09-14 2021-11-18 2021-12-09
Insider Trading (Recent)
Last updated: Jun 22, 2026 3:06am (16d ago)
Type codes PPurchase SSale AAward / grant MOption exercise FIn-kind (tax) CConversion GGift DReturn to issuer
All SEC Form 4 codes
Open market
P Purchase
Open-market or private purchase of shares.
S Sale
Open-market or private sale of shares.
Compensation (Rule 16b-3)
A Award / grant
Grant or award of securities (RSUs, options, etc.) under Rule 16b-3.
D Return to issuer
Securities disposed back to the company under Rule 16b-3.
F In-kind (tax)
Shares withheld or delivered to pay the option-exercise price or tax — not an open-market sale.
I Discretionary
Discretionary transaction under an employee plan — Rule 16b-3(f).
M Option exercise
Exercise or conversion of a derivative (option/RSU) into shares — exempt.
Derivatives
C Conversion
Conversion of a derivative security into the underlying shares.
E Short expiration
Expiration of a short derivative position.
H Long expiration
Expiration or cancellation of a long derivative position with value received.
O OTM exercise
Exercise of an out-of-the-money derivative.
X ITM exercise
Exercise of an in-the-money or at-the-money derivative.
Other exempt
G Gift
Bona fide gift of securities.
L Small acquisition
Small acquisition under Rule 16a-6.
W Inheritance
Acquisition or disposition by will or the laws of descent.
Z Voting trust
Deposit into or withdrawal from a voting trust.
Other
J Other
Other acquisition or disposition (explained in a Form 4 footnote).
K Equity swap
Transaction in an equity swap or similar instrument.
U Tender / buyout
Disposition via tender of shares in a change-of-control transaction.

Compensation-plan codes (A, D, F, M) are routine and rarely directional. Open-market P (buy) and S (sale) carry the most signal.

Date Insider Type Shares Price Value
2026-07-01 Hogan Kathleen T 0.00 $0.00 $0
2026-06-15 Jolla Alice L. A-Award 5,004.00 $0.00 $0
2026-06-15 Coleman Amy F-InKind 35.94 $390.74 $14,045
2026-06-11 Walmsley Emma N A-Award 2.94 $0.00 $0
2026-06-11 Rainey John D A-Award 0.69 $0.00 $0
2026-06-11 PRITZKER PENNY S A-Award 33.31 $0.00 $0
2026-06-11 Mason Mark A-Award 0.54 $0.00 $0
2026-06-11 PETERSON SANDRA E A-Award 61.01 $0.00 $0
2026-06-11 MacGregor Catherine A-Award 5.07 $0.00 $0
2026-06-11 List Teri A-Award 53.67 $0.00 $0
2026-06-11 Johnston Hugh F A-Award 4.98 $0.00 $0
2026-06-11 Di Sibio Carmine A-Award 0.03 $0.00 $0
2026-06-11 Hoffman Reid A-Award 39.45 $0.00 $0
2026-06-10 Numoto Takeshi S-Sale 4,500.00 $402.84 $1.8M
2026-06-08 Numoto Takeshi S-Sale 2,500.00 $412.45 $1.0M
2026-06-05 Rainey John D A-Award 150.00 $0.00 $0
2026-06-05 Johnston Hugh F A-Award 252.00 $0.00 $0
2026-06-05 PRITZKER PENNY S A-Award 240.00 $0.00 $0
2026-06-05 SCHARF CHARLES W A-Award 149.00 $0.00 $0
2026-06-05 Mason Mark A-Award 231.26 $0.00 $0
Narrative Economics
The story the market is telling about this stock — the intangible X-factor (founder mythology, cult dynamics, TAM-of-imagination) that moves price beyond what cash flows alone explain. After Shiller, Narrative Economics.
No narrative profile yet for MSFT — it's generated by the pipeline (market-narrative step).
Delvantic AI Findings
Independent analyst synthesis · Delvantic - Cairn AI · generated 2026-06-22 03:07:06
Reviews the pipeline's own verdicts

The raw numbers tell a cleaner story than the synthesis allows. Revenue went from $64.7B (Jun-24) to $82.9B (Mar-26) — that's ~28% over seven quarters, with the most recent YoY at $82.89B vs $70.07B = 18.3%, actually *accelerating* from the 14.9% the momentum tile cites. Annual FY25 revenue of $281.7B grew 14.9% over FY24's $245.1B, and operating income grew 17.5% ($109.4B → $128.5B), so operating leverage is real and intact. The Dec-25 quarter's 47.3% net margin is an obvious outlier (likely a tax/investment gain — OpenAI mark-up is the prudent guess); strip it and underlying net margin sits at 35-38%, exactly where it's been. Free cash flow of $71.6B against $64.5B capex is the genuinely uncomfortable number: capex is now ~90% of FCF, and FCF CAGR of 9.7% lags earnings CAGR of 18.6% precisely because of the AI infrastructure build. That gap is the entire bear case in one ratio.

On valuation: 22.5x TTM P/E and 14.1x EV/EBITDA for a business compounding earnings ~18% with 33% ROE and 21% ROIC is not expensive on quality-adjusted terms — it's roughly market multiple for materially-better-than-market economics. EV/revenue at 13.4x is the number that should give pause, but it's defensible against ~46% operating margins. The synthesis claim of "43.5% implied FCF growth" embedded in the price strikes me as overstated unless you assume capex stays at $64B+ indefinitely without revenue payoff — which is the entire question, not an assumption. If Azure/AI capex normalizes back toward 50-55% of OCF by FY28 (still elevated vs. the 35% pre-AI baseline), FCF could compound 20%+ for several years on top of revenue growth, and the reverse-DCF burden collapses.

Where I push back on the prior models: the synthesis verdict of "High Conviction Required" and Market Forces' "high-quality hold rather than aggressive buy" are reasonable but they're treating $379 as if it's still near the $555 peak. It isn't — this is a 32% drawdown into a name whose fundamentals have *accelerated* through the drawdown (Mar-26 revenue is 18% above Jun-25). That's a meaningful disconnect the models underweight. The contrarian argument, fairly stated: (1) capex-to-FCF ratio is structurally higher and may not revert if AI infra is a permanent cost of doing business — in which case steady-state FCF is closer to $90-100B than the $140B bulls extrapolate; (2) Azure growth is decelerating off larger base and Copilot ARR remains opaque — Microsoft conspicuously avoids disclosing it cleanly; (3) the OpenAI relationship is a liability as much as an asset (governance risk, capital calls, IP entanglement); (4) regulatory overhang on Activision and bundling practices is real. None of these break the thesis but they justify the multiple compression that's already happened.

Data gaps worth flagging: total debt and equity are missing from the balance sheet tile, which makes the ROE/ROIC TTM figures hard to triangulate independently — I'm trusting FMP's 33%/21% without verification. The Dec-25 margin spike needs explanation before being annualized. The insider activity is uninformative (small awards, no named insiders, no open-market buys of size) — "Net Insider Buying" overstates what's there. Quarterly data labeled 2026 dates is also weird given Microsoft's June fiscal year; assume these are calendar quarters mapped to FY26/27. Net of all this: I think the synthesis is directionally right on quality but too cautious on price. At $379, you're paying 22.5x earnings growing high-teens with the best cash franchise in software and the most credible enterprise AI distribution. Fair value on 24-25x FY27 EPS (call it ~$16-17) lands $400-425; with capex normalization optionality, $450+. The downside case (Azure decel to 15%, capex stays at $70B, multiple to 19x) is roughly $310-330. Risk-reward is favorably skewed for the first time in 18 months. I dissent mildly from "high conviction required" — this is closer to "accumulate on weakness" than "wait for catalyst."

VERDICT

GPT Critique
Second-opinion review · gpt-4o · generated 2026-06-22 03:07:18
Reviews the Opus findings above
Verdict I agree with Opus — undervalued at $379, with fair value closer to $400-$425; downside risks are present but manageable, making this a buy on current weakness rather than a high-conviction hold.

In my independent review of Microsoft's financials, several aspects stand out. The company's revenue has shown a robust growth trajectory, rising from $64.73 billion in June 2024 to $82.89 billion by March 2026, marking a notable 28% increase over seven quarters. This acceleration is also visible in the most recent year-over-year comparison, with an 18.3% revenue growth against the previous year's figures, surpassing the momentum tile's reported 14.9%. Microsoft's operating income also demonstrates strong growth, increasing by 17.5% from FY24 to FY25, highlighting efficient operational leverage. However, the significant capital expenditure of $64.55 billion, which consumes approximately 90% of the free cash flow, presents a concern. This high capex-to-FCF ratio, driven by AI infrastructure investments, suggests a potential risk if these investments fail to yield proportional revenue growth.

Opus contends that the valuation metrics, such as a 22.5x TTM P/E and a 14.1x EV/EBITDA, are reasonable given Microsoft's superior economics, characterized by a 33% ROE and a 21% ROIC. I concur with this assessment as these metrics align with Microsoft's high-quality business profile. However, I diverge on the view regarding the "43.5% implied FCF growth" mentioned in the synthesis. Opus argues that this assumption is overstated unless capex remains elevated without resulting revenue growth. I find this criticism valid, as the capex normalization is a critical factor for future FCF compounding, and my analysis suggests that the synthesis's assumption lacks a nuanced appreciation of potential shifts in capex dynamics.

Moreover, I agree with Opus's skepticism about the synthesis verdict of "High Conviction Required" and the Market Forces' label of "high-quality hold rather than aggressive buy." Given the 32% drawdown from the peak, the current price of $379 does not reflect the fundamental acceleration seen in recent quarters. Opus rightly points out that the models underweight the disconnection between Microsoft's strong fundamentals and its current market valuation. I also share the concern about the opaque nature of Microsoft's Copilot ARR and the potential risks associated with the OpenAI partnership, which could impact investor confidence and valuation.

A careful skeptic might argue that the elevated capex, if a permanent feature of Microsoft's financial landscape due to ongoing AI infrastructure demands, could suppress FCF growth and justify the recent multiple compression. Additionally, regulatory pressures and competitive dynamics in the AI space could pose risks to Microsoft's growth trajectory. These factors might warrant caution, suggesting that while Microsoft remains a robust entity, the market's current valuation might already account for its most optimistic growth scenarios.

Community AI Feedback 1 review
MSFT's fair value can't be assessed without a view on AI capex ROI — and the current framework has no signal that measures it. The single most valuable thing to build is a Capex Efficiency / Reinvestment ROIC signal, because for any company at MSFT's scale and reinvestment intensity, that signal alone determines whether the verdict is undervalued or overvalued. Everything else is rounding error.
I'd call MSFT slight_upside at $415, fair value ~$460, confidence moderate. The de-rating from $555 to $356-$415 over nine months has done most of the work — the market has already priced in meaningful skepticism about the $190B 2026 AI capex bet. At ~24.7x TTM P/E with 18%…
Slight Upside Fair Value: $460.00 Moderate confidence
My Notes personal — only you see this
Data via Financial Modeling Prep · Cached for performance · fmp
v1.1.392 · 5bda1781 · 2026-07-08 16:12:24