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AGING Analysis Report
Aug 3, 2026
10 days ago · 100% complete
For AI assistants & researchers — machine-readable summary of this page

What this page is: Delvantic's full research page for Equifax Inc. (EFX) — AI-driven forensic equity research: mechanical valuation models (DCF, EPV, anchored-PE, scenario) plus three independent AI lenses (Quality / Value / Sentiment). Everything below is rendered server-side; you are not missing content that requires JavaScript. All scores are predictions and research opinions, not financial advice.

Our current read (analysis of 2026-08-13): Designation Low · Cairn score -28 (−100…+100 Quality+Value blend) · Quality 29 · Value -74 · Sentiment -15 (timing only, not weighted) · Composite fair value $90.76 vs $174.58 at analysis

Page map (sections in order; each card carries a stable reference-name attribute you can cite):

  • profile-header / price-overview — company profile, live quote, market cap
  • extended-analysisthe core: three AI lens reads with findings, scores, and the analyst memo
  • future-predictions — our forward price-band predictions
  • market-narrative / ai-findings / gpt-critique — narrative context, cross-model findings, and an adversarial critique of our own analysis (near the end of the document)
  • Members-only sections (render as login gates for anonymous readers): price-history, income-trend, key-metrics, financials (statement tables), insider-trading. The analysis above is public; the raw data tables require a free account.

More for machine readers: site briefing at /llms.txt · any ticker resolves at delvantic.com/stock/TICKER · raw inputs are public-company filings and market data (via licensed data feeds); every model, score, lens read, and prediction on this page is Delvantic's own analysis.

Equifax Inc.

EFX NYSE
Industrials · Consulting Services
Atlanta, GA 30309, United States equifax.com Updated Aug 3, 12:07pm
Price
$174.74
Market Cap
$20.3B
Employees
15,000
Beta
1.32
Avg Volume
1,941,380
Last Dividend
$2.12
CEO
Mr. Mark W. Begor

Equifax Inc. is a global data, analytics, and technology company that provides information solutions and human resources business process outsourcing services. Equifax Inc. serves financial institutions, employers, businesses, and government agencies with credit reporting, consumer and commercial information services, mortgage-related data, identity management, and financial marketing tools. Its Workforce Solutions business supports employment, income, and social security number verification, along with payroll-based transaction and employment tax services. The company also offers international information and recovery management services across markets in North America, Latin America, Europe, and the Asia Pacific region. Headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, Equifax Inc. plays a central role in helping organizations make credit, hiring, and risk-related decisions through data-driven insights.

Runs with full report Generated: Aug 3, 2026 12:25pm
Earnings Schedule
Checked daily · calendar updated Aug 13
No upcoming print on the calendar yet — companies typically confirm a few weeks ahead. Last print was Jul 21, 2026.
EPS surprise history — vs analyst consensus · 5 prints of vendor history
+2.0%
Feb '26
-32.3%
Mar '26
-14.5%
Apr '26
+9.4%
Apr '26
+2.3%
Jul '26
Print date EPS est. EPS actual Revenue est. Revenue actual
Jul 21, 2026 $2.20 $2.25 +2.3%
Apr 21, 2026 $1.70 $1.86 +9.4%
Apr 2, 2026 $-0.62 $-0.71 -14.5%
Mar 11, 2026 $-1.30 $-1.72 -32.3%
Feb 4, 2026 $2.05 $2.09 +2.0%

Green = beat the estimate, red = missed. An earnings print is the fastest way a thesis changes — our designations should be re-read after each one.

Recent SEC Filings
Filed Form Document
Aug 12, 2026 4 View
Jul 29, 2026 8-K View
Jul 28, 2026 4 View
Jul 24, 2026 144 View
Jul 24, 2026 424B2 View
Jul 22, 2026 FWP View
Jul 22, 2026 424B2 View
Jul 21, 2026 10-Q View
Jul 21, 2026 8-K View
Jul 1, 2026 4 View
Jun 16, 2026 8-K View
May 14, 2026 SCHEDULE 13G/A View

Filings link to the SEC’s EDGAR system. Annual/quarterly reports (10-K, 10-Q, 20-F) carry the full story; 8-K/6-K current reports are the fastest signal that something material happened.

Price Overview
Price at report time
$175.03
as of Aug 3, 12:44pm (10d ago)
Change · Aug 3
+2.41 (+1.39%)
Day Range
$173.41 – $179.81
52-Week Range
$150.75 – $271.84
50-Day MA
$167.82
200-Day MA
$191.64
Volume
99,960.00
Right now · live
loading…
 
Real-time — the change above is the move since the report (over 10d).
Share Structure
Outstanding 117,600,000.00
Float 116,976,186.00
Free Float 99.5%
High free float — 99.5% of shares trade freely, ~0.5% held by insiders/institutions
Very liquid — most shares trade freely. Low insider ownership can mean less management alignment, but makes large position sizing straightforward.
Price History (1 Year)
Last updated: Aug 3, 2026 12:44pm (10d ago)
Revenue & Net Income Trend
The directional story — useful even when net income is negative.
Last updated: Aug 3, 2026 12:44pm (10d ago)
Revenue
The top line — total sales before any costs or taxes are subtracted. A measure of how much business the company is doing.
Net Income
The bottom line — profit left after subtracting all expenses, interest, and taxes from revenue. Reflects accounting profitability, but includes non-cash items like depreciation, so it isn't the same as cash earned.
Operating Cash Flow
The real cash generated by the day-to-day business — selling products, paying suppliers, collecting from customers. Calculated from net income by adding back non-cash items and adjusting for timing (unpaid bills, unsold inventory). When OCF consistently lags net income, the reported profit may not be converting to real money.
Period Revenue Net Income Net Margin YoY/QoQ
Key Metrics
TD Twelve Data statement HEX SEC filing
Industry comparison last run: Aug 3, 2026 12:23pm
P/E Ratio (Price per dollar of earnings)
HEX
Stock Price / EPS (Diluted)
32.85
Stock Price: $174.74
EPS (Diluted): 5.32
P/B Ratio (Price vs net asset value)
HEX
Stock Price / Book Value Per Share
4.58
Stock Price: $174.74
Total Equity: $4.74B
Shares: 124,100,000
EV/EBITDA (Total value vs operating profit)
HEX
Enterprise Value / EBITDA
13.83
Market Cap: $20.28B
Total Debt: $5.09B
Cash: $180.80M
EBITDA: $1.82B
Enterprise Value (Takeover price (cap + debt - cash))
HEX
Market Cap + Total Debt - Cash
$25.2B
Market Cap: $20.28B
Total Debt: $5.09B
Cash: $180.80M
Gross Margin (Revenue left after direct costs)
HEX
Gross Profit / Revenue
56.4%
Gross Profit: $3.43B
Revenue: $6.07B
Operating Margin (Revenue left after all operations)
HEX
Operating Income / Revenue
18.0%
Operating Income: $1.10B
Revenue: $6.07B
Net Margin (Revenue left as actual profit)
HEX
Net Income / Revenue
10.9%
Net Income: $660.30M
Revenue: $6.07B
ROE (Profit from shareholder equity)
HEX
Net Income / Total Equity
13.9%
Net Income: $660.30M
Total Equity: $4.74B
ROIC (Profit from all invested capital)
HEX
NOPAT / Invested Capital
8.4%
Operating Income: $1.10B
Tax Rate: 25.8%
Equity: $4.74B
Total Debt: $5.09B
Cash: $180.80M
Current Ratio (Can it pay short-term bills)
HEX
Current Assets / Current Liabilities
0.60
Current Assets: $1.41B
Current Liabilities: $2.34B
Debt/Equity (Leverage — debt vs equity)
HEX
Total Debt / Total Equity
1.07
Short-Term Debt: $1.04B
Long-Term Debt: $4.06B
Total Debt: $5.09B
Total Equity: $4.74B
Rev/Share (Top-line per share)
HEX
Revenue / Shares Outstanding
$48.95
Revenue: $6.07B
Shares: 124,100,000
Book Value/Share (Net assets per share)
HEX
(Total Assets - Total Liabilities) / Shares
$38.18
Total Equity: $4.74B
Shares: 124,100,000
FCF/Share (Real cash generated per share)
HEX
(Operating Cash Flow + CapEx) / Shares
$9.14
Operating CF: $1.62B
CapEx: -$481.40M
Shares: 124,100,000
CapEx is negative (outflow) — added to OCF to get FCF
Div Yield (Annual income from holding)
TD
Last Annual Dividend / Stock Price
1.2%
Last Dividend: $2.12
Stock Price: $174.74
Payout Ratio (Earnings paid out as dividends)
HEX
Dividends Paid / Net Income
35.3%
Dividends Paid: -$232.80M
Net Income: $660.30M
Industry Benchmarks
Last run: Aug 3, 2026 12:23pm
Compares EFX against LLM-researched typical ranges for its industry. One research call per industry, cached indefinitely — every stock in the same industry reuses the same baseline.
Income Statement (Annual)
Last updated: Aug 3, 2026 12:44pm (10d ago)
Metric 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Revenue $4.9B $5.1B $5.3B $5.7B $6.1B
Cost of Revenue $2.0B $2.2B $2.3B $2.5B $2.6B
Gross Profit $2.9B $2.9B $2.9B $3.2B $3.4B
Operating Expenses $1.8B $1.9B $2.0B $2.1B $2.3B
Operating Income $1.1B $1.1B $933.6M $1.0B $1.1B
Net Income $744.2M $696.2M $545.3M $604.1M $660.3M
EBITDA $1.6B $1.6B $1.6B $1.7B $1.8B
EPS $6.11 $5.69 $4.44 $4.88 $5.36
EPS (Diluted) $6.02 $5.65 $4.40 $4.84 $5.32
Balance Sheet (Annual)
Last updated: Aug 3, 2026 12:09pm (10d ago)
Metric 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Cash & Equivalents $224.7M $285.2M $216.8M $169.9M $180.8M
Total Current Assets $1.1B $1.4B $1.4B $1.4B $1.4B
Total Assets $11.0B $11.5B $12.3B $11.8B $11.9B
Current Liabilities $2.3B $2.0B $2.0B $1.8B $2.3B
Long-Term Debt $4.5B $4.8B $4.7B $4.3B $4.1B
Total Liabilities $7.4B $7.6B $7.6B $6.8B $7.1B
Total Equity $3.6B $4.0B $4.7B $4.9B $4.7B
Retained Earnings $4.8B $5.3B $5.6B $6.0B $6.4B
Cash Flow (Annual)
Last updated: Aug 3, 2026 12:44pm (10d ago)
Metric 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Operating Cash Flow $1.3B $757.1M $1.1B $1.3B $1.6B
Capital Expenditure -$469.0M -$624.5M -$601.3M -$511.5M -$481.4M
Free Cash Flow $865.8M $132.6M $515.5M $813.0M $1.1B
Acquisitions (net) -$2.9B -$433.8M -$283.8M $0 -$74.1M
Net Debt Issued / (Repaid) $596.9M $249.3M $293.6M -$795.8M -$398.5M
Dividends Paid -$190.0M -$191.1M -$191.8M -$193.2M -$232.8M
Stock Buybacks -$69.9M $0 $0 $0 -$927.5M
Net Change in Cash -$1.5B $60.5M -$68.4M -$46.9M $10.9M
Growth Trends (YoY %)
Last updated: Aug 3, 2026 12:44pm (10d ago)
Metric 2022 2023 2024 2025
Revenue Growth +4.0% +2.8% +7.9% +6.9%
Gross Profit Growth +0.1% -0.5% +7.9% +8.4%
Operating Income Growth -7.2% -11.6% +11.6% +5.1%
Net Income Growth -6.4% -21.7% +10.8% +9.3%
EBITDA Growth -0.2% -4.4% +10.9% +5.8%
Dividend History (Last 20)
Last updated: Aug 3, 2026 12:09pm (10d ago)
Date Dividend Declaration Record Payment
2026-05-22 $0.56
2026-03-09 $0.56
2025-11-24 $0.50
2025-09-02 $0.50
2025-05-23 $0.50
2025-02-21 $0.39
2024-11-22 $0.39
2024-09-03 $0.39
2024-05-23 $0.39
2024-02-22 $0.39
2023-11-22 $0.39
2023-09-05 $0.39
2023-05-24 $0.39
2023-02-21 $0.39
2022-11-22 $0.39
2022-09-02 $0.39
2022-05-24 $0.39
2022-02-18 $0.39
2021-11-23 $0.39
2021-09-03 $0.39
Insider Trading (Recent)
Type codes PPurchase SSale AAward / grant MOption exercise FIn-kind (tax) CConversion GGift DReturn to issuer
All SEC Form 4 codes
Open market
P Purchase
Open-market or private purchase of shares.
S Sale
Open-market or private sale of shares.
Compensation (Rule 16b-3)
A Award / grant
Grant or award of securities (RSUs, options, etc.) under Rule 16b-3.
D Return to issuer
Securities disposed back to the company under Rule 16b-3.
F In-kind (tax)
Shares withheld or delivered to pay the option-exercise price or tax — not an open-market sale.
I Discretionary
Discretionary transaction under an employee plan — Rule 16b-3(f).
M Option exercise
Exercise or conversion of a derivative (option/RSU) into shares — exempt.
Derivatives
C Conversion
Conversion of a derivative security into the underlying shares.
E Short expiration
Expiration of a short derivative position.
H Long expiration
Expiration or cancellation of a long derivative position with value received.
O OTM exercise
Exercise of an out-of-the-money derivative.
X ITM exercise
Exercise of an in-the-money or at-the-money derivative.
Other exempt
G Gift
Bona fide gift of securities.
L Small acquisition
Small acquisition under Rule 16a-6.
W Inheritance
Acquisition or disposition by will or the laws of descent.
Z Voting trust
Deposit into or withdrawal from a voting trust.
Other
J Other
Other acquisition or disposition (explained in a Form 4 footnote).
K Equity swap
Transaction in an equity swap or similar instrument.
U Tender / buyout
Disposition via tender of shares in a change-of-control transaction.

Compensation-plan codes (A, D, F, M) are routine and rarely directional. Open-market P (buy) and S (sale) carry the most signal.

Date Insider Type Shares Price Value
2026-07-24 Begor Mark W M-OptionExercise 37,791.00 $0.00 $0
2026-07-24 Begor Mark W S-Sale 500.00 $175.85 $87,926
2026-07-24 Begor Mark W S-Sale 600.00 $168.47 $101,085
2026-07-24 Begor Mark W S-Sale 1,300.00 $174.91 $227,386
2026-07-24 Begor Mark W S-Sale 2,936.00 $173.79 $510,241
2026-07-24 Begor Mark W S-Sale 4,112.00 $172.79 $710,512
2026-07-24 Begor Mark W S-Sale 6,200.00 $171.26 $1.1M
2026-07-24 Begor Mark W S-Sale 21,543.00 $172.00 $3.7M
Deep Analysis
Last run: Aug 3, 2026 12:39:42 pm

Pre-flight intelligence scans the company first, then routes to the right analytical methods.

0 Company Classification — What type of company is this?
1 Industry Landscape — Where is the industry headed?
2 Company Momentum — Where is this company trending?
3 Forward Projection — 1Y & 2Y projected metrics (requires Layer 1 + 2)
4a DCF Valuation — Present value of future cash flows
4b Earnings Power Value — Floor value — worth with zero growth
4c Anchored PE — Industry PE adjusted for growth differential
4d Reverse DCF — What growth is the market pricing in?
4e Revenue-Based DCF — For growth/narrative companies (skip if mature earner)
Not applicable for Mature Earner companies
4f Anchored P/S — Price-to-Sales peer comparison (skip if mature earner)
Not applicable for Mature Earner companies
4g Scenario Analysis — Bull / Base / Bear (skip if mature earner)
Not applicable for Mature Earner companies
4h Dividend Discount Model — For dividend/income stocks only
Not applicable for Mature Earner companies
4i Book Value Analysis — For deep value / turnaround stocks only
Not applicable for Mature Earner companies
4j Insider Activity — Are insiders buying or selling?
4f Cash Flow Quality — How trustworthy is the FCF?
4g Debt Maturity Risk — Can it handle its debt?
4h Macro Environment — Rates, market valuation, volatility
4i Sector Intelligence — How does this company compare within its sector?
4j Revenue Confidence — How reliable is the growth projection?
4k Sensitivity Analysis — How fragile is the fair value estimate?
4l Sector Demand Cycle — Is the sector in a boom, steady state, or contraction?
5 AI Investigation — Adaptive research engine (Claude)
5b Thesis Evaluation — What does the market believe? (narrative/platform stocks only)
Not applicable for Mature Earner companies
6 Valuation Synthesis — Weighted verdict from all methods (requires Layer 4)
Narrative Economics
The story the market is telling about this stock — the intangible X-factor (founder mythology, cult dynamics, TAM-of-imagination) that moves price beyond what cash flows alone explain. After Shiller, Narrative Economics.
No narrative profile yet for EFX — it's generated by the pipeline (market-narrative step).
Claude Reading
Independent analyst synthesis · claude-opus-4-7 · generated 2026-08-03 12:43:49
Verdict Modestly overvalued but synthesis is too bearish — fair value $130-140, not $80; wait for $150 or margin-stabilization print before buying, but this is not a short.

Looking at the raw quarterly cadence first: revenue went $1.42B → $1.44B → $1.44B → $1.54B → $1.54B → $1.55B → $1.65B → $1.70B over the last eight quarters, so the June 2026 print is 18% above the September 2024 base and sequential growth actually accelerated in the last two quarters (+6.5% then +3.0% QoQ). That's not the flatlining picture the bear narrative implies. Net income is choppier — the 10.8% Q2'26 margin is roughly flat with year-ago 12.4%, so margin has drifted DOWN even as revenue accelerated, which is the real tell. Annual op margin has compressed from 23.2% in 2021 to 18.1% in 2025, exactly as the pre-flight flagged. FCF CAGR of 48% is a base-effect artifact off a depressed EFX2023 cloud-spend trough; capex is still $481M against $1.62B OCF, and once EFX2023 amortization kicks in fully, the "48%" evaporates.

The synthesis verdict of $80 fair value against $174 (-54%) is directionally right but numerically aggressive. EV/EBITDA of 13.8x is not egregious for a duopoly data business — Moody's and S&P trade 18-22x, TransUnion around 12x. A 32.8x P/E on $660M of GAAP NI is the stretched number, but on ~$1.13B FCF the P/FCF is ~18x, which is defensible if you believe the mortgage cycle normalizes and Workforce Solutions keeps compounding. The thesis-evaluation claim that the market embeds "32% FCF growth for five years" is arithmetic sleight-of-hand — it depends entirely on the discount rate and terminal assumption. At an 8% WACC and 3% terminal, $1.13B FCF growing at 10% for five years then fading gets you to roughly $110-120/share, not $80. The $80 number requires assuming margin compression continues and Workforce Solutions decelerates — plausible, but not the only reasonable path.

The models are also internally inconsistent. Market Forces calls EFX "strategically impaired" and "over-leveraged" — but debt/equity of 1.07x and $1.62B OCF against $5.09B debt (3.1x OCF) is manageable, not distressed. The narrative layer more honestly frames this as an $80 DCF core plus a $95 narrative premium, which is the correct decomposition. Where I dissent from synthesis: calling this "overvalued by 54%" for a business with 56% gross margins, 6-7% organic growth accelerating to double digits, and a regulated duopoly moat requires believing regulatory risk is imminent — and the FCRA hasn't been meaningfully reworked in 20 years despite constant threats. The contrarian argument the models under-weight: mortgage originations are near multi-decade lows; a normalization to even 2019 levels would drop $200-300M of high-incremental-margin revenue straight to EBITDA, and EFX is the highest-beta name to that recovery. That's a call option the -54% overvaluation call ignores.

Insider data isn't shown but is a gap. So is customer concentration disclosure — banking/HR concentration is the real bear risk, not "decentralized identity" (which is science fiction on a five-year view). My read: fair value is closer to $130-140, not $80 and not $175. That makes EFX modestly overvalued, not egregiously so, and the risk/reward is asymmetric to the upside if mortgage volumes normalize in 2026-27. I'd wait for a pullback to $150 or a Q3 print that confirms margin stabilization before committing capital, but I disagree with the synthesis that this is a $80 stock. The models are anchored on trailing GAAP earnings and ignoring that the revenue trajectory is accelerating, not decelerating.

GPT Reading
Independent reading · gpt-5.4 · generated 2026-08-03 12:44:08
Verdict Fairly valued to slightly overvalued at $174.74 — solid revenue re-acceleration and strong cash flow support the stock, but margin recovery is too incomplete to justify a clear premium above roughly $160-$180.

The numbers say Equifax is better than the harshest model output suggests, but not cheap. This is a business that has quietly re-accelerated: quarterly revenue moved from $1.44B in 2025-03 to $1.70B in 2026-06, with the latest quarter up about 10.4% year over year from $1.54B. Net income in that same latest quarter rose from $191.3M to $183.9M on a tougher compare? No — the cleaner read is from the two-quarter run rate: 1H26 revenue of $3.35B versus $2.98B in 1H25, up 12.4%, while net income rose to $355.4M from $324.4M, up 9.6%. That is not a broken credit bureau. Annual revenue has compounded from $4.92B in 2021 to $6.07B in 2025, and operating income has recovered from $933.6M in 2023 to $1.10B in 2025. The core issue is that profits have not kept pace with sales: net income is still below 2021 and 2022 levels, and net margin at 10.9% in 2025 remains well under the 15.1% posted in 2021. So the story is not secular decline; it is a solid top-line compounder still working through margin rehabilitation.

Cash flow is the main reason I won’t follow the most bearish valuation call. On 2025 figures, Equifax generated $1.62B of operating cash flow and $1.13B of free cash flow, which puts the stock at roughly 18x trailing FCF on the current $20.3B market cap. For a high-gross-margin data asset business with 56.5% gross margin, mid-single to low-double-digit revenue growth, and entrenched market position, that is not absurd. In fact, it is materially less demanding than the 32.8x P/E headline suggests, because accounting earnings are being suppressed by a capex-heavy phase: capex ran $481.4M in 2025, nearly 8% of revenue. The valuation stack therefore looks mixed, not uniformly extreme. 3.6x sales and 13.8x EV/EBITDA are premium-ish but hardly bubble levels for a data/analytics franchise. My read is that the stock is priced for continued execution and some margin recovery, not for heroic transformation.

What keeps me from calling it cheap is leverage plus mediocre incremental profitability. Debt of $5.09B against just $180.8M of cash leaves little balance-sheet flexibility, and the current ratio of 0.60 is weak for a company that may still need sustained investment. More importantly, the growth algorithm is less impressive below revenue line. From 2021 to 2025, revenue rose 23% while operating income fell from $1.14B to $1.10B and net income fell from $744.2M to $660.3M. Even the recent rebound only gets annual net margin back to 10.9%, still below 2024’s quarterly highs in some periods and well below historical peak economics. ROIC of 8.4% is fine, not elite. At $174.74, the market is giving Equifax credit for the moat and for stabilization, but not really offering a bargain if the end-state earnings power is merely low-teens margins.

The strongest case against my more balanced read is that the stock may still be meaningfully overearning on multiple despite the decent cash flow. A smart bear would point out that 18x FCF is not cheap when FCF itself may be flattered by working capital timing and before any need for capex normalization upward; that P/E above 30x on a 7.4% revenue CAGR and 10% earnings CAGR is too rich for a mature bureau; and that gross margin has declined from roughly 59.8% in 2021 to 56.5% in 2025, suggesting the business mix is getting structurally less attractive. They would also note that 2022 net income of $696.2M and 2021 net income of $744.2M remain above 2025’s $660.3M despite several years of revenue growth, which is exactly the pattern of a company spending heavily just to stand still. I weigh that bear case seriously. Where I differ is that the quarterly revenue trajectory in 2026 is too strong to dismiss, and the cash generation is too real to justify an $80 fair value unless one assumes either a major cyclical setback or permanent margin impairment.

What would change my mind is straightforward. If the next two quarters fail to hold revenue above roughly $1.65B-$1.70B and net margin does not improve from the current 10%-11% band toward 12%+, then the “recovery plus scale benefits” case is weaker than it looks and the stock should de-rate, probably into the $140s or lower. Conversely, if 2026 revenue lands near a $6.6B-$6.8B run rate and operating margin expands back above 19%, with free cash flow sustaining comfortably above $1.2B while debt trends down, then today’s price would look reasonable and perhaps modestly cheap. For now, I see a good business, not a bargain: the pessimistic models overshoot, but so would an outright bull call at this valuation.

Grok Reading
Independent reading · grok-4.5 · generated 2026-08-03 12:44:43
Verdict Overvalued at $175; quality FCF franchise but 33x earnings prices transformation not yet in the numbers—fairer zone nearer $120–140

Equifax is a steady mid-single-digit grower being asked to carry a high-teens-to-low-thirties growth multiple. Revenue has compounded at 7.4% from $4.92B in 2021 to $6.07B in 2025, with the latest four quarters running $1.54B–$1.70B and recent YoY still around 7%. That is real, high-confidence top-line progress from a duopoly data franchise. But the earnings power underneath has not kept pace with the price: net income of $660M in 2025 remains below the $744M printed in 2021 even as revenue is $1.15B higher, and quarterly net margins have settled in a 10–11% band after touching 12%+ in stronger periods. Operating margin at 18% and ROIC at 8.4% are respectable for an industrial data business, not exceptional enough to justify a 32.8x P/E, 4.15x EV/revenue, or a market cap of $20.3B that embeds a transformation premium the income statement has not yet delivered. Free cash flow of $1.13B on $1.62B operating cash flow is the cleanest number in the file—FCF yield near 5.6% after $481M of capex—but it is being generated against $5.09B of debt, only $181M of cash, a current ratio of 0.60, and a debt-to-equity ratio above 1.0. The balance sheet is not crisis-level, but it is constrained, and it leaves little room for a mis-step if mortgage-related volumes stay soft or if the technology spend keeps running hot.

The quantitative models calling fair value near $80–90 are too punitive for a business that still throws off over a billion dollars of FCF with recurring characteristics and pricing power in credit and workforce data; a 12–13x FCF or mid-teens earnings multiple would land closer to $115–140 depending on the cycle. Even so, at $174.74 the stock is asking investors to underwrite roughly 30%+ annual FCF growth for years—the market’s implied math—when revenue is growing 7% and net income is only now reclaiming 2022–2024 levels. Gross margin has compressed roughly 400bp from the 2021 peak, capex remains elevated for the cloud migration, and the mortgage-sensitive portions of the franchise face structural, not purely cyclical, headwinds. Workforce Solutions is the genuine positive offset and the reason the bull case has any oxygen, but it is not yet large or fast enough on the reported numbers to re-rate the whole enterprise from mature earner to secular compounder. The fallen-angel narrative—breach behind us, identity infrastructure ahead—explains why the multiple has held up, yet the fundamentals still read like a leveraged, mid-single-digit grower with a decent moat, not a 33x earnings story.

The strongest pushback is straightforward: FCF has been the standout (the reported FCF CAGR is eye-catching even if partly base-effect), the EFX2023 cloud program is supposed to unlock operating leverage that has not fully shown up in margins yet, and Workforce Solutions sits on a structural verification and compliance tailwind that could outrun core credit-bureau cyclicality. A skeptic of the overvalued call would also note that EV/EBITDA of 13.8x is not absurd for a high-gross-margin data oligopoly, that revenue confidence is high and sequential quarters are still climbing, and that a 5.6% FCF yield with a 1.2% dividend and 35% payout is serviceable if you believe the margin trough is in. Those points have merit; I simply weigh them as already in the price. The stock is not cheap on any cash-flow or earnings screen unless you assume the transformation delivers 200–300bp of margin recovery and sustained double-digit FCF growth—neither of which is visible in the 2024–2025 run-rate.

I would reverse course if the next two to three quarters show operating margin reclaiming the low-20s with FCF converting above recent levels, if Workforce Solutions growth re-accelerates enough to push consolidated revenue into the low double digits, or if net debt is meaningfully reduced while the multiple holds. Sustained mortgage-volume recovery that lifts the core bureau without another capex spike would also matter. Absent that evidence, $175 is a full price for a 7% grower with compressed returns and a leveraged balance sheet.

Big-3 Panel — where each AI stands
Each AI above independently stated a direction (undervalued, fairly valued, or overvalued) and how strongly it believes it (conviction, 0–5). We combine those into a Bull-Bear Index on a 0–10 scale: 5 is neutral, 10 is maximum bullish (undervalued at full conviction), 0 is maximum bearish. We compute the score ourselves with the same arithmetic for every seat — the models never grade their own bullishness — so the three are directly comparable. Δ shows how far each seat sits from the panel average of 2.7; a large Δ marks the dissenting voice, usually the one worth reading.
Claude claude-opus-4-7 2.0
overvalued · conviction 3/5 · Δ -0.7 vs panel · self: 4.0
GPT gpt-5.4 5.0
fairly valued · conviction 3/5 · Δ +2.3 vs panel · self: 5.0
Grok grok-4.5 1.0
overvalued · conviction 4/5 · Δ -1.7 vs panel · self: 3.0
Second-round check hasn't run yet for this ticker — it runs after all three seats on the next report.
Advanced Analysis Forensic deep-dive · four lenses
Four separate reads — Company Quality (is it a great business?), Valuation (is it mispriced?), General Sentiment (how macro + narrative are pushing it), and AI Impact (how the AI wave reshapes it), kept deliberately apart · 2026-08-03 13:23:11
Delvantic - Cairn AI
Quality name - wait for a dip 7/10
EFX is a genuinely good bureau franchise (quality +29) trading at roughly 2x deserved value (-74), so I'm a patient buyer on weakness, not a chaser here.
The cruxWhether margins fully return to 2021 peak and Workforce Solutions keeps compounding double-digit - the price already assumes yes on both, so any wobble re-rates the multiple.
Forensic checks Derived mechanically from EFX's filed financials — not from the AI lenses
Liquidity & RunwaySelf-Funding
DilutionStable Share Count
Earnings QualityHigh Earnings Quality
The four lensesswitch a tab for its full read — score + evidence
Company Quality
+29
Solid
edge √Σ 117 · risk √Σ 87 · conf 7/10

Equifax runs a durable, recurring-revenue data/analytics franchise: revenue compounded from $4.92B (2021) to $6.07B (2025), roughly 5.4% CAGR through a tough mortgage-volume cycle, with gross margins holding in the mid-50s and operating margin stabilizing around 18% after compressing from 23.1% in 2021. FCF has recovered strongly to $1.13B in 2025 (18.6% FCF margin) from a $132.6M trough in 2022 (heavy tech-transformation capex), and OCF/NI of 1.91x plus accruals of -4.9% of assets point to genuinely clean earnings. Beneish M of -2.84 shows no manipulation flags.

Strengths 4
m70
Clean earnings quality
OCF/NI 1.91x, accruals -4.9% of assets, Beneish M -2.84 — reported earnings are cash-backed, no aggressive accrual behavior.
m62
Share count discipline
Diluted shares 123.6M (2021) to 124.1M (2025), CAGR 0.1%; SBC just 1.3% of revenue and buybacks 285% of SBC — per-share value protected.
m55
FCF recovery
FCF snapped back to $1.13B in 2025 from $132.6M in 2022, indicating the cloud/tech capex cycle is rolling off and cash conversion normalizing.
m45
Durable franchise
Consistent mid-50s gross margins and revenue growth despite mortgage-credit headwinds imply a data moat (one of three US credit bureaus, verification services).
Concerns 3
m65
Leveraged balance sheet
Net debt of $4.91B against only $180.8M liquid cash (0.9% of market cap); short-term debt of $1.04B exceeds cash, creating refinancing exposure.
m50
Margin compression not fully reversed
Operating margin fell from 23.1% (2021) to 17.7% (2023) and has only recovered to 18.0% in 2025; gross margin similarly down 340bps from 2021 peak.
m30
Altman Z safe but not fortress
Z of 3.19 clears the safe threshold but is modest for a mature data business — reflects debt load.
This is a good business — a bureau oligopoly with genuine pricing power, clean accounting, and finally normalizing cash generation after a multi-year cloud rebuild. But it isn't a fortress: $4.9B net debt with barely any cash on hand means the balance sheet is a constraint, and the margin structure hasn't returned to its 2021 shape. I read it as solidly in the 'sound and improving' zone, not yet 'robustly healthy.' The forensic signals are consistently benign, so the concerns are structural (leverage, margin normalization pace) rather than integrity-related.
Verify before trusting this (5)
  • Debt maturity schedule and refinancing plan for the $1.04B short-term debt
  • Whether mortgage-market recovery is driving the 2025 revenue reacceleration or if Workforce Solutions growth is durable
  • Cloud transformation capex trajectory — is the FCF recovery sustainable or one-off working capital?
  • Customer concentration and government contract dependency in Workforce Solutions
  • Any residual liability or reputational drag from 2017 breach still in contingencies
Valuation / Mispricing
-74
Rich
edge √Σ 20 · risk √Σ 115 · conf 6/10
Price $175.55 vs deserved ~$130 (generous anchored-PE) to ~$90 (composite) — roughly 35-50% above fair, no margin of safety. attractive below $115.00

The price sits at roughly 2x the composite fair value ($90.76) and 2.2x the signal-adjusted FV ($80.07), with EPV floor at just $53.33 and even the most generous anchored-PE method landing at $131.37 — still ~25% below spot. No credible method in the stack supports today's quote. Even granting that EPV understates a growing bureau and DCF ($89) may be too punitive on cloud-transition margins, the anchored-PE of $131 is the honest ceiling on 'deserved' value for a Solid-quality, $4.9B-net-debt business whose margins haven't recovered to 2021 levels. Against $175.55, that's still a ~25-35% overpay. What's priced in: full margin recovery, sustained double-digit growth from Workforce Solutions, no privacy/regulatory drag, and multiple expansion on top. That is a stack-the-deck scenario, not a base case. Earnings quality is clean (no haircut needed), and the business is genuinely good — but paying 2x deserved value for a Solid (not fortress) oligopolist with leverage is not a margin-of-safety setup; it's paying up for a narrative that has already run.

Cheap signals 1
m20
Clean earnings, real moat
High earnings quality and bureau oligopoly economics support a deserved value at the upper end of the method stack (~$130), not a haircut below it — but that ceiling is still well under $175.
Rich / priced-in 4
m78
Price ~2x composite fair value
$175.55 vs $90.76 composite FV and $80.07 signal-adjusted FV implies -54% downside on the base stack. Every method in the stack sits below spot.
m60
Even the generous method says overpriced
Anchored-PE, the most lenient method at $131.37, is still ~25% below the current $175.55 — there is no bullish valuation lens in the stack that justifies today's price.
m45
Leverage caps deserved multiple
$4.9B net debt with minimal cash means EFX doesn't deserve a fortress multiple; the balance-sheet constraint argues for a deserved value nearer composite than anchored-PE.
m40
Margins still below 2021 peak
Post-cloud-rebuild margin recovery is incomplete, yet the price appears to already capitalize a full return to peak profitability plus growth.
I can't get to $175 on any honest method. The composite says $90, the generous anchored-PE says $131, and the business — while genuinely good — is a leveraged Solid, not a fortress that deserves premium-to-premium pricing. This is the market paying a full narrative multiple for a bureau that is still repairing its margin structure. I'd want it below ~$115 (a ~15% discount to the anchored-PE ceiling) before it's interesting; anywhere near spot it's a pass on valuation regardless of how much I like the franchise.
Verify before trusting this (5)
  • Workforce Solutions organic growth durability in next 2 quarters
  • Adjusted EBITDA margin trajectory vs 2021 peak of ~35%
  • Free cash flow conversion post cloud-transformation capex roll-off
  • Net debt reduction pace and refinancing terms
  • Any guidance revision on government/mortgage end-market recovery
General Sentiment
-15
Balanced
tail √Σ 64 · head √Σ 79 · conf 6/10

The market regime is mildly constructive (score +22, VIX 16, S&P just 1.6% off highs), but with a 1.32 beta EFX amplifies whatever the tape does - and right now the tape is doing very little. The bigger force is narrative: EFX sits in a moderate-intensity, moderate-durability fallen-angel arc where the story has already carried the price from post-breach purgatory to a level that requires believing in AI-verification and government-ID tailwinds. That narrative is not fading, but it is not accelerating either - cult coefficient is low, meaning few holders will defend it religiously if the story cracks.

Tailwinds 2
m50
Fallen-angel arc still intact
The narrative has moderate intensity and durability - the 2017 breach is fading from the story and AI/identity-verification demand keeps the bull thesis alive. Not euphoric, but the reflex is still 'buy the recovery'.
m40
Improving momentum signal
Strong positive momentum score, deleveraging (D/E 1.22 to 1.07), and healthy cash generation give the tape a reason to keep bidding - trend followers and quality-momentum funds have a live thesis here.
Headwinds 3
m55
Rates and market PE press a high-multiple name
10y at 4.68% and market PE 26.9 create ambient headwinds for expensive equities, and EFX trades well above intrinsic on a story premium - exactly the kind of name that gets marked down first when duration sensitivity flares.
m45
Beta 1.32 amplifies any tape wobble
Regime is only 2 days old and confidence medium - if risk-off returns, EFX gets hit harder than the average industrial. High-beta 'services' names with story premiums are first to de-rate.
m35
Low cult coefficient means fragile support
Unlike a Palantir or Tesla, EFX has no fanatical holder base. If the AI-verification narrative wobbles or a regulatory headline lands, there is no cult bid to catch the knife.
Net read: mildly negative but not decisive - call it Balanced leaning slight headwind. The tape itself is fine, but EFX carries a story premium into a rate environment that punishes exactly that, and its 1.32 beta means any regime shift hits harder here than the average name. The fallen-angel narrative is still working, just not with enough intensity or cult support to overwhelm the macro press on high-multiple compounders. I would not fade the name on sentiment alone, but I would not be adding size into it either - patience wins in this setup.
Verify before trusting this (4)
  • Any FTC/CFPB action or state privacy legislation that reignites regulatory-risk narrative
  • Bank/HR customer concentration commentary on next print - a weak Workforce Solutions quarter could crack the growth story
  • Whether 10y yield breaks above 4.75% - would compress high-multiple services names
  • Analyst target revisions - divergence between price and consensus would signal narrative fatigue
The market-wide tape + this name's exposure to it (beta / sector / narrative durability). Context on the non-fundamental pressure — not a call on the business or the price. processId: detail-general-sentiment
AI Impact
not run

This lens hasn't been run for this ticker yet.

The structural effect of the AI wave on this specific business over the next ~5 years — demand, cost leverage, moat, barriers to entry, position in the AI stack. The reality beneath the AI story, not the story's market pressure (General Sentiment owns that) — and not a call on the business today or the price.
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Four lenses kept deliberately separate — Company Quality (price-agnostic), Valuation (price-conditional), General Sentiment (non-fundamental macro/narrative pressure), and AI Impact (structural ~5yr AI exposure). The scores are not blended. Filing-level items (convertibles, lock-ups, customer concentration) are v2 — see each lens's "verify."
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Data via Financial Modeling Prep · Cached for performance · twelvedata
v1.1.530 · 761561a2 · 2026-08-12 19:06:35