Homepage
FRESH Analysis Report
Jun 9, 2026
3 days ago · 100% complete · +6 refreshed

Vornado Realty Trust

VNO NYSE Categories PDF
Real Estate · REIT - Office
New York City, NY 10019, United States IPO 1980 vno.com Updated Jun 9, 7:11pm
Price
$38.45
Market Cap
$7.2B
Employees
2,996
Beta
1.57
Avg Volume
2,000,892
CEO
Steven Roth
Business Description

Vornado's property holdings are predominantly focused on the crucial New York City market, complemented by a top-tier asset in both Chicago and San Francisco. The company is also at the forefront of the real estate sector regarding its sustainability initiatives. Demonstrating this commitment, Vornado manages an extensive portfolio exceeding 23 million square feet of LEED-certified buildings and was recognized with the Energy Star Partner of the Year Award for Sustained Excellence in 2019. A significant corporate milestone was reached in 2012 when Vornado celebrated five decades of being listed on the New York Stock Exchange.

Business History
Generated: Jun 9, 2026 7:14pm
Price Overview
Last updated: Jun 9, 2026 7:11pm (3d ago)
$38.45
+2.25 (+6.22%)
Day Range
$36.68 – $38.81
52-Week Range
$24.57 – $43.37
50-Day MA
$30.12
200-Day MA
$33.48
Volume
2,918,528.00
Analyst Price Targets
Low $33.00
Consensus $35.67
High $39.00
(27 analysts)
Share Structure
Outstanding 188,098,000.00
Float 174,045,574.00
Free Float 92.5%
High free float — 92.5% of shares trade freely, ~7.5% held by insiders/institutions
Very liquid — most shares trade freely. Low insider ownership can mean less management alignment, but makes large position sizing straightforward.
Price History (1 Year)
Last updated: Jun 9, 2026 7:18pm (3d ago)
Revenue & Net Income Trend
The directional story — useful even when net income is negative.
Last updated: Jun 9, 2026 7:18pm (3d ago)
Revenue
The top line — total sales before any costs or taxes are subtracted. A measure of how much business the company is doing.
Net Income
The bottom line — profit left after subtracting all expenses, interest, and taxes from revenue. Reflects accounting profitability, but includes non-cash items like depreciation, so it isn't the same as cash earned.
Operating Cash Flow
The real cash generated by the day-to-day business — selling products, paying suppliers, collecting from customers. Calculated from net income by adding back non-cash items and adjusting for timing (unpaid bills, unsold inventory). When OCF consistently lags net income, the reported profit may not be converting to real money.
Period Revenue Net Income Net Margin YoY/QoQ
Key Metrics
API Direct from provider CALC Derived from statements
Industry comparison last run: Jun 9, 2026 7:13pm
P/E Ratio (Price per dollar of earnings)
API
Stock Price / EPS (Diluted)
9.17
Stock Price: $38.45
EPS (Diluted): 4.40
P/B Ratio (Price vs net asset value)
API
Stock Price / Book Value Per Share
1.07
Stock Price: $38.45
Total Equity: $5.99B
Shares: 191,759,000
EV/EBITDA (Total value vs operating profit)
API
Enterprise Value / EBITDA
8.88
Market Cap: $7.23B
Total Debt: $7.19B
Cash: $840.85M
EBITDA: $1.77B
Enterprise Value (Takeover price (cap + debt - cash))
API
Market Cap + Total Debt - Cash
$13.4B
Market Cap: $7.23B
Total Debt: $7.19B
Cash: $840.85M
Gross Margin (Revenue left after direct costs)
API
Gross Profit / Revenue
100.0%
Gross Profit: $1.81B
Revenue: $1.81B
Operating Margin (Revenue left after all operations)
API
Operating Income / Revenue
15.0%
Operating Income: $272.15M
Revenue: $1.81B
Net Margin (Revenue left as actual profit)
API
Net Income / Revenue
50.0%
Net Income: $904.96M
Revenue: $1.81B
ROE (Profit from shareholder equity)
API
Net Income / Total Equity
13.2%
Net Income: $904.96M
Total Equity: $5.99B
ROIC (Profit from all invested capital)
API
NOPAT / Invested Capital
1.5%
Operating Income: $272.15M
Tax Rate: 1.4%
Equity: $5.99B
Total Debt: $7.19B
Cash: $840.85M
Current Ratio (Can it pay short-term bills)
API
Current Assets / Current Liabilities
1.80
Current Assets: $1.97B
Current Liabilities: $1.10B
Debt/Equity (Leverage — debt vs equity)
CALC
Total Debt / Total Equity
1.20
Short-Term Debt: $720.42M
Long-Term Debt: $6.47B
Total Debt: $7.19B
Total Equity: $5.99B
Rev/Share (Top-line per share)
CALC
Revenue / Shares Outstanding
$9.44
Revenue: $1.81B
Shares: 191,759,000
Book Value/Share (Net assets per share)
CALC
(Total Assets - Total Liabilities) / Shares
$31.22
Total Equity: $5.99B
Shares: 191,759,000
FCF/Share (Real cash generated per share)
CALC
(Operating Cash Flow + CapEx) / Shares
$6.56
Operating CF: $1.26B
CapEx: $0.00
Shares: 191,759,000
Div Yield (Annual income from holding)
API
Last Annual Dividend / Stock Price
3.2%
Last Dividend: N/A
Stock Price: $38.45
Payout Ratio (Earnings paid out as dividends)
Dividends Paid / Net Income
Dividends Paid: N/A
Net Income: $904.96M
Dividends paid not available in cash flow statement
Industry Benchmarks
Last run: Jun 9, 2026 7:13pm
Compares VNO against LLM-researched typical ranges for its industry. One research call per industry, cached indefinitely — every stock in the same industry reuses the same baseline.
Deep Analysis
Last run: Jun 9, 2026 7:17:42 pm

Pre-flight intelligence scans the company first, then routes to the right analytical methods.

0 Company Classification — What type of company is this?
1 Industry Landscape — Where is the industry headed?
2 Company Momentum — Where is this company trending?
3 Forward Projection — 1Y & 2Y projected metrics (requires Layer 1 + 2)
4a DCF Valuation — Present value of future cash flows
4b Earnings Power Value — Floor value — worth with zero growth
4c Anchored PE — Industry PE adjusted for growth differential
4d Reverse DCF — What growth is the market pricing in?
4e Revenue-Based DCF — For growth/narrative companies (skip if mature earner)
Not applicable for Mature Earner companies
4f Anchored P/S — Price-to-Sales peer comparison (skip if mature earner)
Not applicable for Mature Earner companies
4g Scenario Analysis — Bull / Base / Bear (skip if mature earner)
Not applicable for Mature Earner companies
4h Dividend Discount Model — For dividend/income stocks only
Not applicable for Mature Earner companies
4i Book Value Analysis — For deep value / turnaround stocks only
Not applicable for Mature Earner companies
4j Insider Activity — Are insiders buying or selling?
4f Cash Flow Quality — How trustworthy is the FCF?
4g Debt Maturity Risk — Can it handle its debt?
4h Macro Environment — Rates, market valuation, volatility
4i Sector Intelligence — How does this company compare within its sector?
4j Revenue Confidence — How reliable is the growth projection?
4k Sensitivity Analysis — How fragile is the fair value estimate?
4l Sector Demand Cycle — Is the sector in a boom, steady state, or contraction?
5 AI Investigation — Adaptive research engine (Claude)
5b Thesis Evaluation — What does the market believe? (narrative/platform stocks only)
Not applicable for Mature Earner companies
6 Valuation Synthesis — Weighted verdict from all methods (requires Layer 4)
Income Statement (Annual)
Last updated: Jun 9, 2026 7:18pm (3d ago)
Metric 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Revenue $1.6B $1.8B $1.8B $1.8B $1.8B
Cost of Revenue $797.3M $873.9M $905.2M $0 $0
Gross Profit $791.9M $926.1M $906.0M $1.8B $1.8B
Operating Expenses $546.9M $638.2M $605.4M $1.5B $1.5B
Operating Income $245.0M $287.9M $300.6M $263.9M $272.2M
Net Income $176.0M -$346.5M $105.5M $70.4M $905.0M
EBITDA $840.5M $423.3M $845.6M $880.6M $1.8B
EPS $0.53 $-2.13 $0.23 $0.04 $4.40
EPS (Diluted)
Balance Sheet (Annual)
Last updated: Jun 9, 2026 7:11pm (3d ago)
Metric 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Cash & Equivalents $1.8B $889.7M $997.0M $733.9M $840.9M
Total Current Assets $2.7B $2.3B $2.0B $1.7B $2.0B
Total Assets $17.3B $16.5B $16.2B $16.0B $15.5B
Current Liabilities $1.2B $1.1B $1.0B $949.0M $1.1B
Long-Term Debt $8.0B $7.8B $7.7B $7.7B $6.5B
Total Liabilities $10.1B $10.0B $9.8B $9.8B $8.7B
Total Equity $6.2B $5.8B $5.5B $5.2B $6.0B
Retained Earnings -$3.1B -$3.9B -$4.0B -$4.1B -$3.5B
Cash Flow (Annual)
Last updated: Jun 9, 2026 7:18pm (3d ago)
Metric 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Operating Cash Flow $761.8M $798.9M $648.2M $537.7M $1.3B
Capital Expenditure $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Free Cash Flow $761.8M $798.9M $648.2M $537.7M $1.3B
Acquisitions (net) -$32.9M $1.2M -$52.6M -$115.4M $15.3M
Debt Repayment
Dividends Paid
Stock Buybacks -$1.6M $0 -$29.2M $0 -$51.0M
Net Change in Cash $200.0M -$909.2M $240.4M -$312.0M $27.9M
Analyst Estimates (Annual)
Last updated: Jun 9, 2026 7:11pm (3d ago)
Metric 2027 2028 2029 2030
Revenue $2.0B
$1.8B – $2.2B
$2.1B
$2.1B – $2.2B
$2.0B
$1.9B – $2.1B
$2.0B
$1.9B – $2.1B
EBITDA $1.1B
$976.5M – $1.2B
$1.2B
$1.1B – $1.2B
$1.1B
$1.0B – $1.1B
$1.1B
$1.0B – $1.2B
Net Income $65.3M
$61.8M – $68.8M
$103.0M
$96.2M – $109.8M
$0 $0
EPS
Growth Trends (YoY %)
Last updated: Jun 9, 2026 7:18pm (3d ago)
Metric 2022 2023 2024 2025
Revenue Growth +13.3% +0.6% -1.3% +1.3%
Gross Profit Growth +16.9% -2.2% +97.3% +1.3%
Operating Income Growth +17.5% +4.4% -12.2% +3.1%
Net Income Growth -296.9% +130.4% -33.3% +1,185.7%
EBITDA Growth -49.6% +99.8% +4.1% +100.6%
Insider Trading (Recent)
Last updated: Jun 9, 2026 7:17pm (3d ago)
Type codes PPurchase SSale AAward / grant MOption exercise FIn-kind (tax) CConversion GGift DReturn to issuer
All SEC Form 4 codes
Open market
P Purchase
Open-market or private purchase of shares.
S Sale
Open-market or private sale of shares.
Compensation (Rule 16b-3)
A Award / grant
Grant or award of securities (RSUs, options, etc.) under Rule 16b-3.
D Return to issuer
Securities disposed back to the company under Rule 16b-3.
F In-kind (tax)
Shares withheld or delivered to pay the option-exercise price or tax — not an open-market sale.
I Discretionary
Discretionary transaction under an employee plan — Rule 16b-3(f).
M Option exercise
Exercise or conversion of a derivative (option/RSU) into shares — exempt.
Derivatives
C Conversion
Conversion of a derivative security into the underlying shares.
E Short expiration
Expiration of a short derivative position.
H Long expiration
Expiration or cancellation of a long derivative position with value received.
O OTM exercise
Exercise of an out-of-the-money derivative.
X ITM exercise
Exercise of an in-the-money or at-the-money derivative.
Other exempt
G Gift
Bona fide gift of securities.
L Small acquisition
Small acquisition under Rule 16a-6.
W Inheritance
Acquisition or disposition by will or the laws of descent.
Z Voting trust
Deposit into or withdrawal from a voting trust.
Other
J Other
Other acquisition or disposition (explained in a Form 4 footnote).
K Equity swap
Transaction in an equity swap or similar instrument.
U Tender / buyout
Disposition via tender of shares in a change-of-control transaction.

Compensation-plan codes (A, D, F, M) are routine and rarely directional. Open-market P (buy) and S (sale) carry the most signal.

Date Insider Type Shares Price Value
2026-06-08 WIGHT RUSSELL B JR P-Purchase 1,000.00 $17.44 $17,437
2026-06-08 WIGHT RUSSELL B JR P-Purchase 1,000.00 $17.63 $17,625
2026-06-08 WIGHT RUSSELL B JR P-Purchase 1,000.00 $15.00 $15,001
2026-06-08 WIGHT RUSSELL B JR P-Purchase 1,000.00 $17.69 $17,690
2026-05-21 Puri Mandakini A-Award 7,168.00 $0.00 $0
2026-05-21 McGuire Raymond J A-Award 7,168.00 $0.00 $0
2026-05-21 MANDELBAUM DAVID A-Award 7,168.00 $0.00 $0
2026-05-21 WIGHT RUSSELL B JR A-Award 7,168.00 $0.00 $0
2026-05-21 TISCH DANIEL R A-Award 7,168.00 $0.00 $0
2026-05-21 Bassey Beatrice Hamza A-Award 7,168.00 $0.00 $0
2026-05-21 Helman William W A-Award 7,168.00 $0.00 $0
2026-05-21 Beinecke Candace K A-Award 7,168.00 $0.00 $0
2026-05-21 Fascitelli Michael D A-Award 7,168.00 $0.00 $0
2026-05-18 ROTH STEVEN G-Gift 26,428.00 $0.00 $0
2026-05-06 Chera Haim C-Conversion 100,000.00 $0.00 $0
2026-05-06 Chera Haim C-Conversion 100,000.00 $0.00 $0
2026-03-12 TISCH DANIEL R P-Purchase 30,000.00 $25.55 $766,500
2026-03-02 Maddock Deirdre K. A-Award 4,061.00 $0.00 $0
2026-03-03 TISCH DANIEL R P-Purchase 70,000.00 $26.30 $1.8M
2026-03-02 TISCH DANIEL R P-Purchase 40,000.00 $27.09 $1.1M
Dividend History (Last 20)
Last updated: Jun 9, 2026 7:11pm (3d ago)
Date Dividend Declaration Record Payment
2025-12-18 $0.74 2025-12-08 2025-12-18 2025-12-29
2024-12-16 $0.74 2024-12-05 2024-12-16 2024-12-27
2023-12-14 $0.30 2023-12-05 2023-12-15 2023-12-27
2023-01-27 $0.38 2023-01-18 2023-01-30 2023-02-10
2022-11-04 $0.53 2022-10-27 2022-11-07 2022-11-18
2022-08-05 $0.53 2022-07-28 2022-08-08 2022-08-19
2022-05-06 $0.53 2022-04-27 2022-05-09 2022-05-20
2022-01-28 $0.53 2022-01-19 2022-01-31 2022-02-11
2021-11-05 $0.53 2021-10-28 2021-11-08 2021-11-19
2021-08-06 $0.53 2021-07-29 2021-08-09 2021-08-20
2021-05-07 $0.53 2021-04-28 2021-05-10 2021-05-21
2021-01-29 $0.53 2021-01-20 2021-02-01 2021-02-12
2020-11-06 $0.53 2020-10-29 2020-11-09 2020-11-20
2020-08-07 $0.53 2020-07-30 2020-08-10 2020-08-21
2020-05-08 $0.66 2020-04-29 2020-05-11 2020-05-22
2020-01-24 $0.66 2020-01-15 2020-01-27 2020-02-14
2019-12-27 $1.95 2019-12-18 2019-12-30 2020-01-15
2019-11-01 $0.66 2019-10-25 2019-11-04 2019-11-18
2019-08-02 $0.66 2019-07-25 2019-08-05 2019-08-16
2019-05-03 $0.66 2019-04-24 2019-05-06 2019-05-17
Narrative Economics
The story the market is telling about this stock — the intangible X-factor (founder mythology, cult dynamics, TAM-of-imagination) that moves price beyond what cash flows alone explain. After Shiller, Narrative Economics.
No narrative profile yet for VNO.
Delvantic AI Findings
Independent analyst synthesis · Delvantic - Cairn AI · generated 2026-06-09 19:18:18
Reviews the pipeline's own verdicts
Verdict Fairly valued around $38 — not the deep-value setup bulls claim nor the distress the market-forces model implies; fair value $35-42 range, wait for debt maturity disclosure and a sub-$32 entry before committing capital.

Looking at the raw quarterly tape first: revenue is dead flat at $441-461M per quarter for two years running, with the most recent print ($459.1M in Q1 2026) actually showing a -$7.3M net loss. The 2025 annual NI of $905M is almost entirely the Q2 2025 spike of $759M — that's a gain on sale, not operations. Strip it out and you get roughly $146M of "real" NI on $1.81B revenue, or ~8% net margin. The reported 9.2x P/E and 50% net margin are arithmetic artifacts of that one quarter; on normalized earnings this trades closer to 50x, not 9x. The synthesis verdict and pre-flight both flag this correctly, but I want to underscore how aggressively the headline metrics mislead.

Where I disagree with the model cluster: the Market Forces "financial distress" framing is overcooked. Operating CF of $1.26B on a $7.2B market cap is a 17% CFO yield, and the current ratio of 1.8 with $841M cash is not a liquidity crisis. The missing total debt field is the real gap — for an office REIT this is the single most important number, and without it neither I nor the prior models can credibly assess the maturity wall the Market Forces module is invoking. That module is asserting distress without showing the debt stack; that's analytically sloppy. Conversely, the Narrative layer's $26.46 DCF fair value strikes me as too punitive — it implies essentially terminal decline, ignoring that VNO's PENN District redevelopment and Manhattan trophy book do have a re-rating path if rates come in 150bps. The truth sits between $26 (pure secular decline DCF) and the $38.45 tape.

The contrarian read nobody is making: insider activity is misread. Ten consecutive "A-Award" grants of identical 7,168 share lots on the same date is a board/executive comp grant, not "Net Insider Buying" — the Secondary Signals layer got this wrong. The G-Gift is a charitable transfer, also not a buy signal. So one of the supposedly bullish secondary signals evaporates on inspection. On the other hand, the bear case has its own blind spot: NYC Class A office leasing actually firmed through 2025, SL Green and VNO both reported improving occupancy and rent spreads, and the "remote work permanent" narrative is two years stale. If you're underwriting permanent impairment at current Manhattan trophy cap rates (~6-7%), you're fighting the most recent leasing data. The Q1 2026 revenue tick to $459M from $453M is small but it's the first sequential acceleration in a year.

My verdict: I dissent partially from the "High Conviction Required" synthesis — that's a cop-out framing. The real call is that VNO at $38 is priced for muddle-through, not catastrophe and not recovery. Normalized FFO (what actually matters for REITs, not GAAP NI) on a $7.2B cap with $1.26B operating CF gives you a ~10-11x P/FFO, in line with peer SLG and below BXP. That's fair, not cheap. The narrative model's $26 fair value requires believing trophy Manhattan office cap rates expand another 200bps from here, which would require a recession AND rate shock. The bull case to $50+ requires the Fed cutting and PENN District lease-up — both plausible, neither imminent. Without the debt maturity schedule I can't size the tail risk properly, and that's the single piece of data I'd demand before sizing a position. The 3.2% dividend is real cash but represents a payout ratio that constrains balance sheet flexibility if 2026-2027 maturities need refinancing at 7%+ rates.

GPT Critique
Second-opinion review · gpt-4o · generated 2026-06-09 19:18:23
Reviews the Opus findings above
Verdict I agree with Opus's fair value estimate of $35-42, but I'd emphasize caution until debt levels are clarified. A sub-$32 entry would offer a better margin of safety, aligning less with Opus's optimism and more with a conservative valuation approach.

Analyzing Vornado Realty Trust's financial data independently, a few key points stand out. Revenue has been notably stagnant, with quarterly figures hovering between $441M and $461M for the past two years, demonstrating a lack of growth momentum in a challenging office real estate market. This stagnation is coupled with volatility in net income, most noticeably the $759M spike in Q2 2025, which is largely due to a one-time gain rather than operational performance. Stripping away this anomaly, the net income picture is far less stellar, averaging around $146M annually, equating to an approximate net margin of 8%. This suggests that the current P/E ratio of 9.2x is misleading, and when adjusted for normalized earnings, the multiple is closer to 50x, indicating a potentially overvalued position at the current price of $38.45.

Opus argues that the market is overestimating Vornado's financial distress by focusing on the Market Forces model's implication without clear debt data. I agree that the absence of explicit debt levels in the data is a critical omission. Given the substantial operating cash flow of $1.26B and a strong current ratio of 1.8, Vornado does not appear to be on the brink of a liquidity crisis. However, without a clear view of debt maturities, especially in a rising rate environment, the full risk picture remains obscured. Opus's insistence on the importance of debt metrics to assess Vornado's true financial health is well-founded.

Where I diverge from Opus is on the valuation synthesis and narrative model. Opus suggests that the DCF fair value of $26.46 is too punitive, whereas I see it as a more realistic reflection of Vornado's challenges, given the secular decline in office space demand and the ongoing impact of remote work. While NYC Class A office leasing may have shown some resilience, the broader trends indicate fundamental shifts that could continue to pressure Vornado's valuation. The narrative that Vornado is trading at a 45% premium to DCF due to speculative optimism about its Manhattan assets seems overly optimistic in the absence of significant macroeconomic shifts or strategic real estate developments.

A skeptic might argue that both perspectives underestimate the potential for a more severe downturn in the office real estate sector, especially if economic conditions worsen or if Vornado's redevelopment projects fail to deliver anticipated returns. They might also question the reliability of insider transaction signals, considering the misinterpretation of executive compensation awards as insider buying.

Advanced Analysis Forensic deep-dive · two lenses
Two separate reads — Company Quality (is it a great business?) and Valuation (is it mispriced?), kept deliberately apart · 2026-06-09 19:19:50
Delvantic - Cairn AI
Mixed quality, Rich price — pass and set a bid 7/10
Real NYC trophy assets and clean cash flow, but at $38 you're paying NAV-optimism prices for a leveraged, no-growth office REIT — wait for the dip.
The cruxThe 45% gap between price ($38.45) and deserved value (~$26–29) on a structurally leveraged balance sheet — no amount of trophy-asset optionality closes that at today's quote.
Company Quality
-16
Mixed
edge √Σ 90 · risk √Σ 106 · conf 6/10
Valuation / Mispricing
-64
Rich
edge √Σ 35 · risk √Σ 100 · conf 6/10
Liquidity & RunwaySelf-Funding
DilutionStable Share Count
Earnings QualityGood Earnings Quality
The Play — combined read across both lenses Delvantic - Cairn AI

The two lenses agree more than they disagree: quality is -16 (Mixed — real cash, real assets, real leverage, no growth) and value is -64 (Rich — ~45% above my $26.46 anchor). When a Mixed-quality, $6.3B-net-debt office REIT is trading at a premium to DCF, the answer is simple — I'm not the marginal buyer here. The bull case is a Manhattan replacement-cost/NAV story plus Tisch putting $2.6M of his own money down at $25.50, and I respect both, but Tisch bought in the mid-$20s, not at $38. That's the tell. The market is pricing in an NYC office inflection and a cap-rate tailwind that isn't yet in the numbers, and on a leveraged equity stub small misses on either lever swing hard against me.

My play: zero position at $38.45, and I set a staged bid ladder. Starter (0.5% of book) at $29 where the risk/reward turns honest — that's a Mixed-quality office REIT trading at fair, not a gift. Add to a full 1.5–2% position in the $25–27 zone where I'm buying alongside Tisch at or below model, with trophy-NAV optionality as the free call. Below $22 on a forced-selling / rate-shock flush I'd go to 3% and treat it as a deep-value office trade, not a hold-forever compounder — this is never a core compounder given the leverage and the secular office overhang. Catalysts that would force me off the sidelines earlier: a major asset sale at a tight cap rate that re-rates NAV, or a refi that visibly de-risks the debt stack. Until then, the gap between the two scores IS the trade, and the trade is patience.

The evidence behind each score — switch lenses
-16 Mixed edge √Σ 90 · risk √Σ 106 · conf 6/10

Vornado is a mature NYC-concentrated office REIT throwing off real cash — FCF stepped up to $1.26B in 2025 from $537.7M in 2024, and OCF/NI of 3.44x with accruals of -3.8% of assets says reported earnings are conservative, not inflated (Beneish M -2.3 corroborates). Revenue is essentially flat in a $1.79–1.81B band over five years, operating margin sits in a tight 14.8–16.6% range, and diluted share count actually shrank slightly (CAGR -0.1%) — this is a steady-state asset operator, not a growth story. Insider behavior is a real positive: Tisch put down ~$2.6M of his own money in March 2026 open-market buys at $25.50–25.55, and net insider buying is genuine (not just awards).

The quality concern is structural leverage. Net debt of ~$6.3B against $840.9M cash and an Altman Z of 0.43 sits squarely in the distress zone — caveat that Z-score is poorly calibrated for REITs, where high secured property debt is the business model, but it still flags that the equity is a thin sliver on top of a large debt stack. Net income is volatile and gain/impairment-driven ($-346.5M in 2022, $70.4M in 2024, $905.0M in 2025 — the 2025 spike likely reflects asset sales/revaluations, not operating step-change), which is why FCF is the more honest read.

Dilution discipline is acceptable but not shareholder-friendly: buybacks recover only 49.1% of SBC, so repurchases are mopping up grants rather than returning capital. The 'GM% = 100' in 2024–2025 is a presentation change (COGS reclassified), not a margin expansion — operating margin is the cleaner series and it's flat.

Strengths 3
m65
Genuine cash generation
FCF $1.26B in 2025, $537–798M in prior years; OCF/NI 3.44x and accruals -3.8% of assets indicate clean, cash-backed earnings with no aggressive accrual buildup.
m55
Insider open-market buying is real
Tisch bought 100K shares for ~$2.57M in March 2026 (P-code, open market). Net buy/sell ratio 5:1 by transaction count, ~$5.6M bought vs $1.2M sold — directional conviction, not just award noise.
m30
Stable share count
Diluted shares 192.1M→191.8M over 5 years. Per-share value is not being eroded by equity issuance — important for a leveraged REIT where equity raises are a real risk.
Concerns 5
m70
Net debt $6.3B dominates the capital structure
Cash $840.9M vs net debt -$6.34B; Altman Z 0.43 in distress zone. Even adjusting for REIT norms, equity is a leveraged residual on a NYC office portfolio — rate and occupancy sensitivity is structural.
m50
No organic growth
Revenue $1.59B→$1.81B over 5 years (~3% CAGR), operating margin range-bound 14.8–16.6%. This is a steady asset operator with no operating leverage emerging.
m45
Volatile, gain-driven net income
Net income swung from -$346.5M (2022) to $70.4M (2024) to $905M (2025) on roughly flat revenue. The 2025 spike is almost certainly asset-sale/revaluation driven, not operating — quality of the headline EPS line is low.
m35
Buybacks just neutralize SBC
Buyback/SBC ratio 49.1% with SBC 1.4% of revenue. Share count flat (CAGR -0.1%) but capital is not being meaningfully returned via repurchase — dilution-offset only.
m25
Single-asset-class, single-city concentration (inferred)
VNO is heavily NYC office. Post-2020 secular office demand questions and tenant credit concentration are durability risks the financials don't fully show.
This is a real business with real cash flows and a trophy NYC asset base, but it's a leveraged property holding company, not a high-quality compounder. The earnings integrity is fine — accruals clean, OCF dominates NI, Beneish benign, insider buying genuine including Tisch's ~$2.6M open-market buys. What keeps me from calling it Strong is the structural leverage ($6.3B net debt on a flat $1.8B revenue base) combined with zero operating growth and a headline net income line that's clearly gain-driven and volatile. The 100% gross margin in 2024–2025 is a reclassification, not a real margin expansion — don't be fooled. Quality grade: Mixed. It survives and generates cash, but durability hinges on NYC office demand and refi conditions that the financials alone can't answer.
Verify before trusting this (7)
  • Debt maturity ladder and weighted-average rate — refinancing wall is the key survival variable
  • Source of 2025 $905M net income spike: asset sales, JV gains, or fair-value marks?
  • Tenant concentration and lease expiry schedule on the NYC office portfolio
  • Whether dividend was suspended/cut (REIT context — coverage from FCF vs distributions matters)
  • Secured vs unsecured debt mix and any covenant headroom
  • Same-store NOI trend and occupancy at flagship assets (Penn District, etc.)
  • Any preferred equity or OP unit overhang not visible in diluted share count
-64 Rich edge √Σ 35 · risk √Σ 100 · conf 6/10
Price $38.45 vs deserved ~$26–29 — roughly 30–45% above fair value, negative margin of safety. attractive below $29.00

The e2e composite and signal-adjusted fair value both land at $26.46, while the stock changes hands at $38.45 — a ~45% premium to deserved value. Even acknowledging that DCFs on cyclical, asset-heavy REITs understate trophy-asset optionality and replacement cost, the gap is large and points in the wrong direction. Earnings quality is clean (no haircut needed), so I can't argue the FV is artificially depressed by accrual games; the leveraged balance sheet ($6.3B net debt on ~$1.8B rev) actually argues for a HIGHER discount rate, not a lower one.

The bull case rests on a replacement-cost / NAV argument that Manhattan trophy towers are worth more than DCF implies — fair, but that's the kind of optionality you want to buy at a discount, not a premium. The bear case (permanent WFH impairment, negative NYC absorption) is the more sober read at this price. Tisch's ~$2.6M insider buying is a real positive signal but is small relative to a $7.2B cap and doesn't close a 45% gap. The deserved price for a Mixed-quality, structurally leveraged office REIT is below today's quote, not above it.

Cheap signals 3
m25
Trophy-asset / replacement-cost optionality
Manhattan trophy towers plausibly carry NAV above DCF — a real reason FV may understate value, but not enough to close a 45% gap.
m20
Insider buying by Tisch
~$2.6M open-market buys are a credible signal of insider conviction, though small relative to a $7.2B market cap.
m15
Clean earnings quality removes the haircut
OCF dominates NI, accruals benign — FV doesn't need to be marked down for quality, so the $26.46 is the honest anchor rather than a floor.
Rich / priced-in 3
m70
Trades ~45% above composite FV
$38.45 vs $26.46 signal-adjusted FV implies the market is already pricing in a meaningful office recovery and/or NAV-uplift the DCF doesn't see.
m55
Leverage argues for a higher, not lower, discount
$6.3B net debt on flat ~$1.8B revenue means small cap-rate or NOI moves swing equity value sharply; deserved equity multiple should compress, not expand.
m45
Priced for a cyclical inflection that isn't visible
NYC office absorption remains weak; paying a premium to DCF requires believing in a near-term leasing/cap-rate recovery that isn't yet in the numbers.
I can't make the math work at $38.45. The composite says $26.46 and even generously crediting trophy-asset NAV optionality I get to maybe $28–30 deserved — so the stock is 25–45% rich, not cheap. This is a leveraged office REIT; it should trade at a discount to DCF, not a premium. I'd want it closer to $29 before the risk/reward turns interesting, and genuinely attractive in the mid-$20s where I'd be buying at or below the model.
Verify before trusting this (5)
  • Latest NAV / per-share replacement-cost estimate from management and sell-side, with cap-rate assumptions
  • Same-store NOI trend and Manhattan office leasing spreads in the most recent 10-Q
  • Debt maturity ladder and refinancing terms over next 24 months
  • Status/timing of PENN District redevelopment monetization and any asset sales
  • Updated FFO/AFFO guidance and dividend policy
Two lenses kept deliberately separate — Company Quality is price-agnostic; Valuation is price-conditional. The scores are not blended (yet). Filing-level items (convertibles, lock-ups, customer concentration) are v2 — see each lens's "verify."
Community AI Feedback
No community reviews yet for VNO. Be the first — hit How to Contribute, have any AI review this page, and paste its take back here.
My Notes personal — only you see this
Data via Financial Modeling Prep · Cached for performance · fmp
v1.1.330 · 344c2a54 · 2026-06-09 20:20:16